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Pharmacology > CNS > Flashcards

CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs c/ i in myotonic seizures

A

Phenytoin and carbamazepine

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2
Q

Minimum duration of theory of seizures

A

2 years

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3
Q

, min Duration of therapy of seizure is 2 years except in

A

JME(MS) and stroke induced seizure. - lifelong therapy

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4
Q

Valproate blocks which enzyme?

A

Histone deacetylase

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5
Q

Lennox gastaut syndrome

A

Valproate [ mixed seizure syndrome]

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6
Q

Dravet syndrome

A

Valproate

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7
Q

Rapid cyclers (bipolar disorder)

A

Valproate

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8
Q

Rheumatic chorea

A

Valproate

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9
Q

Most teratogenic drug in CNS

A

Valproate

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10
Q

S/e valproate

A

Alopecia, liver toxicity, hyperammoremia, pancreatitis, obesity, rash, tremor, teratogenic

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11
Q

Purple glove syndrome is seen with

A

Phenytoin

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12
Q

Signs of acute toxicity of antiepileptics / requirement for dose adjustment

A

Diplopia, ataxia, nystagmus

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13
Q

Anemia in phenytoin & cause?

A

Megaloblastic, folic acid def.

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14
Q

Side effects of phenytoin

A

Hydantoin - mnemonic
Hyperplasia of sums, hirsutism, hyperglycemic, lymphadenopathy, diplopia, ataxia, nystagmus, hypocalcemia, teratogenic, osteomalacia, induce VIT k metabolism , neutropenia

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15
Q

Basic diff between carbamazepine & newer congeners of it?

A

↓ hypersensitivity,↑ hyponatremia

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16
Q

Aplastic anemia is caused by

A

Carbamazepine

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17
Q

Agranulaytosis is s/e of which anti epileptic

A

Carbamazepine

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18
Q

Lamotrigine does not have action on

A

GABA

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19
Q

Valproate has no action on which neurotransmitter

A

Glutamate receptors

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20
Q

Mechanism of action of topiramate

A

Na+ blocker
K+ opener
CA #
# glutamate receptor

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21
Q

Antiepileptic of choice in prophylaxis of migraine

A

Topiramate

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22
Q

Atypical uses of topiramate

A

Bipolar disorder, migraine, prophylaxis alcohol dependence, Obesity

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23
Q

BZD antagonist

A

Flumazenil

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24
Q

GABA antagonist

A

Bicuculine

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25
Q

Name Z compounds

A

Zolpidem
Zopiclone
Eszopiclone
Zaleplon

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26
Q

Safest class of BZD in elderly

A

Class 3

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27
Q

Drugs in Class 1 BZD

A

Diazepam
Clorazepate
Chlordiepoxide
Quazepam
Flurazepam

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28
Q

Class 2 BZD

A

Triazolam
Midazolam

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29
Q

Class 3 BZD

A

Lorazepam
Temazepam
Oxazepam
Estazolam

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30
Q

BZD causing nightmares

A

Flurazepam

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31
Q

BZD used in muscle relaxation

A

Diazepam

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32
Q

Benzodiazepine preferred in alcohol dependence

A

Chlordiazepoxide

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33
Q

Benzodiazepine preferred in alcohol dependence with seizures

A

Diazepam

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34
Q

Benzodiazepine of abuse

A

Flunitrazepam

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35
Q

Date rape drug

A

Flunitrazepam

36
Q

Tasteless, benzodiazepine

A

Flunitrazepam

37
Q

Anterograde amnesia is caused by which class of drugs

A

Benzodiazepines

38
Q

Which track class has both GABA mimetic and facilitator effect

A

Barbiturate

39
Q

Reason for ultra short acting barbiturates

A

High lipid solubility causing redistribution

40
Q

Acute intermittent porphyria is a side-effect of which class of sedatives

A

Barbiturate

41
Q

Drug used in treatment of paradoxical seizures

A

Chloral hydrate

42
Q

Prodrug of meprobamate

A

Carisprodol

43
Q

Dysphoria is Seen due to which opioid receptor

A

Kappa

44
Q

Name endogenous opioids, and which receptor they are most potent on

A

Enkephalin delta
Endorphin meu
Dynorphin kappa

45
Q

How many times is fentanyl more potent than morphine?

A

100

46
Q

Most potent opioid

A

Sufentanil

47
Q

Opioid with maximum plasma protein binding

A

Sufentanil

48
Q

Shortest and fastest acting opioid

A

Remifentanil

49
Q

Remifentanil is metabolised by

A

Plasmaesterase

50
Q

Which drug inhibits reuptake of 5HT or norepinephrine?

A

Tramadol/ Tapentadol

51
Q

Which opioid should not be used in Mi

A

Pentazocine

52
Q

What is the difference between pentazocine and buprenorphine?

A

Pentazocine is partial agonist at mu receptor and full agonist at Kappa

Buprenorphine is partial agonist at mu and antagonist at kappa

53
Q

Which drug is partial agonist at mu receptor?

A

Buprenorphine

54
Q

Withdrawal symptoms of opioid addiction

A

WITHDRAWAL (replace W with M)
mydriasis, increase yawning, hyperthermia, hyperventilation, diarrhoea, Rhinorrhea, anxiety, myalgia lacrimation

55
Q

Drugs used to decrease withdrawal symptoms in opioid addiction

A

Methadone Buprenorphine

56
Q

Drug used to prevent relapse in opioid addiction

A

Naltrexone

57
Q

Which drugs decrease suicidal tendencies?

A

Lithium
Clozapine
ECT also

58
Q

Drugs in ADHD

A

Atomoxetine, Viloxazine
Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors

59
Q

Resistant OCD is treated by

A

Clomipramine

60
Q

Drug used in nocturnal enuresis

A

Imipramine

61
Q

SNRI with withdrawal symptoms

A

Venlafaxine

62
Q

SSRI with no withdrawal symptoms

A

Fluoxetine
Due to longest acting

63
Q

Most common delayed side effect of SSRI

A

Erectile dysfunction

64
Q

Most common side effect of SSRI

A

Nausea and vomitting

65
Q

NASSA drugs block which receptors?

A

Noradrenergic specific serotonergic antidepressant drugs) block 5HT2 and alpha2 receptors

66
Q

Anti epileptic used in fibromyalgia

A

Pregabalin

67
Q

Opioid available as intranasal formulation

A

Butorphanol

68
Q

Name mixed antagonists of opioid receptors

A

Pentazocine
Butorphanol
Buprenorphine
Nalbuphine
Nalorphine

69
Q

Most toxic antipsychotic

A

Clozapine

70
Q

Atypical antipsychotic causing agranulocytosis

A

Clozapine

71
Q

Most effective antipsychotic

A

Clozapine

72
Q

Antipsychotic causing cataract

A

Quetiapine

73
Q

Minimum D2 block antipsychotic

A

Clozapine

74
Q

Maximum D2 block antipsychotic

A

Risperidone/ Iloperidone

75
Q

QT prolongation max and min by which antipsychotics

A

Max - Ziprasidone
Min - Sertindole

76
Q

Antipsychotic which is partial agonist at D2 and 5HT1A Receptors?

A

Aripiprazole and Bexpiprazole

77
Q

D2 receptor agonism causes effect on which hormone?

A

Prolactin - hypoprolactinemia

78
Q

Only antipsychotic with no action on D2

A

Pimavanserin

79
Q

Weight neutral antipsychotics

A

Aripiprazole Cariprazine Ziprasidone

80
Q

Most common eps

A

Akathisia

81
Q

Earliest EPS

A

Acute dystonia

82
Q

Most late EPS

A

Tardive dyskinesia

83
Q

Cause of Tardive dyskinesia

A

Up regulation of D2 receptors

84
Q

Most lethal EPS

A

NMS - neuroleptic malignant syndrome

85
Q

Class of drug which increases bioavailability of levodopa

A

COMT inhibitors

86
Q

Which vitamin is contraindicated with administration of levodopa

A

B6

87
Q

Drug available as transcranial patch

A

Rotigotine

Pharmacology (8 decks)

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