Hormone Replacement Therapy

Question 1

only non-hormonal drug FDA approved for treatment of vasomotor symptoms

Answer 1

paroxetine

Question 2

typical side effects of non-hormonal drugs used for vasomotor symptoms

Answer 2

nausea, headache, insomnia and possible sexual dysfunction

Question 3

clonidine actions on vasomotor symptoms

Answer 3

lowers peripheral vascular reactivity and raises sweating threshold

Question 4

most effective treatment for VMS and urogenital atrophy

Answer 4

estrogen +/- progesterone

Question 5

adverse effects of HRT (immediate)

Answer 5

breast tenderness, uterine bleeding, vomiting, headaches, weight change, rash, and pruritus and cholecystitis

Question 6

increased risks due to HRT

Answer 6

heart disease, breast cancer, stroke, pulmonary embolism, dementia, urinary incontinence, gallbladder disease,

Question 7

decreased risks due to HRT

Answer 7

hip fractures (OP), diabetes, vasomotor symptoms

Question 8

benefit of transdermal estrogen

Answer 8

avoids first pass metabolism, which promotes pro-thrmbotic changes, decreased incidence of metabolic syndrome, more favorable effects on triglycerides

Question 9

discontinuation of HRT

Answer 9

risks and benefits return to baseline except the risk of breast cancer which persists for a few years

Question 10

oral estrogens

Answer 10

17 beta-estradiol, ethinyl estradiol, conjugated estrogen

Question 11

transdermal estrogen

Answer 11

17 beta-estradiol patch/gel/spray/emulsion

Question 12

vaginal estrogen

Answer 12

17 beta-estradiol cream/tablet/ring

Question 13

oral progesterones

Answer 13

medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethindrone acetate, drospirenone, micronized progesterone

Question 14

transdermal progesterone

Answer 14

norethindrone acetate and levonorgestril