Drugs for Testicular Cancer

Question 1

Bleomycin moa

Answer 1

binds DNA in presence of iron with ferrous oxide-mediated DNA strand breakage

Question 2

cisplatin moa

Answer 2

binds to N7 site on purines and causes oxidative stress, elicited apoptosis via BAK and BAX as well as the VDAC1 channel, and activates p53

Question 3

carboplatin MOA

Answer 3

causes nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage (but slower and less potent than cisplatin)

Question 4

etoposide moa

Answer 4

stabilizes DNA and topoisomerase II complexes resulting in strand breakage

Question 5

ifosfamide moa

Answer 5

metabolically-activated alkylating agent producing intra- and inter strand DNA cross-links

Question 6

paclitaxel moa

Answer 6

promotes microtubule assembly and stabilizes their formation by inhibiting depolymerization

Question 7

vinblastine moa

Answer 7

binds to low-affinity sites on tubulin, resulting in splitting of the microtubules into spiral aggregates or protofilaments; this leads to the disintegration of the microtubule

Question 8

mesna moa

Answer 8

forms acrolein-mesna thither complexes which are inactive and eliminated in the urine without causing hemorrhagic cystitis

Question 9

bleomycin toxicity

Answer 9

pulmonary fibrosis and interstitial pneumonitis (dose-limiting), skin toxicity

Question 10

cisplatin toxicity

Answer 10

renal toxicity (dose limiting), ototoxicity, neurotoxicity, inhibition of lipid breakdown for energy

Question 11

carboplatin toxicity

Answer 11

thrombocytopenia (dose-limiting); neurotoxicity, ototoxic, nephrotoxic

Question 12

etoposide toxicity

Answer 12

leukopenia (dose limiting), N/v, stomatitis and diarrhea; hepatic toxicity at high dose

Question 13

ifosfamide toxicity

Answer 13

myelosuppression (dose-limiting); neurotoxicity (coma, seizures, ataxia)

Question 14

paclitaxel toxicity

Answer 14

bone marrow suppression (dose limiting); peripheral neuropathy

Question 15

vinblastine toxicity

Answer 15

neuropathy (dose-limiting)

Question 16

mesna toxicity

Answer 16

dysgeusia, soft stools and headache

Question 17

target of protective therapy for patients on cisplatin

Answer 17

OCT2 transporter because it is a cisplatin transporter only expressed in renal, cholear, and nervous cells