hormone and endocrine system

Question 1

endocrine system

Answer 1

secretes hormones that coordinate slower but longer acting responses including reproduction development and energy metabolism

Question 2

nervous system

Answer 2

high speed electrical signals alon specailized cells called nuerons, regulate other cells

Question 3

hormones

Answer 3

chemical signals that are secreated into a transport system

Question 4

chemical signals

Answer 4

hormones
local regulators
nuerotransmitters
nuerohormones
pheremones

Question 5

endocrine glands

Answer 5

ductless and secrete hormones directly into surrounding fluid ( carried in blood)

Question 6

local regulator

Answer 6

chemical signals that travel over short distances by diffusion

paracrine: signal acts on cell near secreating cell
autocrine: signals act on the secreting itself

Question 7

nuerotransmitter

Answer 7

plays a role in sensation, memory, cognition and movement

Question 8

nuerohormones

Answer 8

class of hormones that originate from nuerons in the brain and then diffuse through the bloodstream to target cells

Question 9

pheremones

Answer 9

chemical signals that are released from the body and used to communicate with other individuals in a species

Question 10

3 classes of hormones

Answer 10

polypeptide
amine, from amino acid
steroid

Question 11

lipid soluble

Answer 11

steroids and amines- pass easily through cell membrane

receptor inside cell

Question 12

water soluble

Answer 12

polypeptides and amines- do not pass through membranes
receptor on surface
both require receptor

Question 13

signaling by hormones

Answer 13

reception, signal transduction, response

Question 14

signal transduction

Answer 14

binding of a hormone to its receptor , leading to a response

response= change in gene expression

Question 15

hormones have different effects in diff species

Answer 15

same hormone- diff effect if:
diff receptor
diff signal transduction pathway
diff proteins for carrying out response

Question 16

simple hormone pathway

Answer 16

released from endocrine cell, travel through the bloodstream and interact with receptor and target cell

Question 17

islets of langerhans

Answer 17

pancreas has clusters of endocrine cells

Question 18

insulin

Answer 18

reduces blood glucose lever by

cellular uptake of glucose, slowing breakdown, promote fat storage

Question 19

glucagon

Answer 19

increases blood glucose levels

glycogen to glucose in liver, stimulates breakdown of fat and protein into glucose

Question 20

hypothalamus

Answer 20

recieves information from nervous system and initiates responses through the endocrine system

Question 21

pituitary gland

Answer 21

attached to hypothalamus

posterior- releases hormones that act directly on non-endocrine tissues

anterior releasing and inhibiting hormones

Question 22

hormone cascade pathway

Answer 22

hormone stimulates the release of a series of other hormones, which then activates a nonendocrine target cell

Question 23

tropic vs nontropic hormones

Answer 23

tropic- regulates function of endocrine cells or glands

non- target nonendocrine tissues

Question 24

growth hormone

Answer 24

anterior pituitary- tropic and nontropic actions

produces growth factos

Question 25

endocine signaling regulates

Answer 25

metabolism, homeostasis, development and behavior