Hormonal control of reproduction

Question 1

What do hormones control

Answer 1

the onset of puberty, sperm production and the menstrual cycle

Question 2

What happens during puberty

Answer 2

the hypothalamus secretes areleaser hormone that targets the pituitary gland

Question 3

What is the pituitary gland stimulated to do

Answer 3

Release FSH, LH in women and ICSH in men

Question 4

What does FSH do

Answer 4

targets the testes and stimulates sperm production in the seminiferous tubules

Question 5

What does ICSH do

Answer 5

targets the testes and stimulates the production of testosterone in the interstitial cells

Question 6

What does testosterone do

Answer 6

Stimulates sperm production

Question 7

What does testosterone active

Answer 7

activates the prostate gland and seminal vesicles to secrete fluids that maintain the mobility and viability of the sperm

Question 8

What does negative feedaback control do

Answer 8

works in regulating the levels fo testosterone produced by the interstitial cells

Question 9

What happens if testosterone levels are too high

Answer 9

inhibitis FSH and ICSH secretionW

Question 10

What happens if testosterone levels fall

Answer 10

stimulates the production of FSH and ICSH

Question 11

How long does the menstrual cycle take

Answer 11

28 days

Question 12

What does FSH do in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle

Answer 12

FSH stimulates the development of a follicle and the production of oestrogen by the follicle

Question 13

What does oestrogen do during the menstrual cycle

Answer 13

stimulates thickening of the endometrium by proliferation preparing it for implantation
also causes the cervical cells to release watery mucus making it more easily penetrated by sperm

Question 14

What do peak levels of oestrogen stimulate

Answer 14

A surge in the secretion of LH which triggers ovulation

Question 15

What is ovulation

Answer 15

the release of an egg from a follicle in the ovary

Question 16

What triggers ovulation

Answer 16

peak levels of LH

Question 17

What happens during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle

Answer 17

the follicle develops into the corpus luteum and LH stimulates the corpus luteum to secrete progesterone

Question 18

What does high levels of oestrogen do

Answer 18

inhibits the production of FSJ

Question 19

What does progesterone inhibit

Answer 19

the prodution of LSH and LH

Question 20

What do high levels of oestrogen and progesterone effect

Answer 20

Have an inhibitory effect on the pituitary gland

Question 21

What does negative feedback result in

Answer 21

prevents further follicles from developing

Question 22

What does a lack of LH result in

Answer 22

leads to degeneration of the corpus luteum with a subsequent drop in progesterone levels leading to menstruation

Question 23

What happens if fertilisation occurs

Answer 23

the corpus luteum does not degenerate and progesterone levels stay high

Question 24

what does rising oestrogen stimulate

Answer 24

proliferation of the endometrium , preparing it for implantation

Question 25

What does high levels of oestrogen stimulate

Answer 25

cells of the cervix to secrete thin watery mucus mroe easily penetrated by sperm

Question 26

What is role of the progesterone produed by the corpus luteum

Answer 26

progesterone promotes further development and vascularisation of the endometreium. progesterone inhibits the pituitary and so inhibits the secretion of FSH and LH

Question 27

what does vascularisation mean

Answer 27

the build up of a network of small blood vessel

Question 28

Why is it important that progesterone promotes further development of the endometrium

Answer 28

the prepare the endometrium for implantation iif fertilisation occurs