Hope/helplessness

Question 1

Learned helplessness

Answer 1

Perceived non-contingency. Not trying because you believe you have no control due to previous event, even if you might have control.

Question 2

New dimensions in reformulated helplessness

Answer 2

Locus of control; internal or external

Stability; stable or unstable, whether it’s due to something that would recur in future similar events.

Specifity; global or specific, whether cause influences one area or more

Question 3

Attribution style

Answer 3

Vulnerable for depression:

Negative events; Internal-stable-global attributions

Positive events: external-unstable-specific

Question 4

Hopelessness theory

Answer 4

Takes away ‘uncontrollable events’, replaces it with ‘negative events’.

Low self-esteem is derived from a internal-stable-global attributional style, rather than just internal.

It’s focused on attribution rather than (un)control