Homeostasis-note 1

Question 1

Four components of homeostatic systems

Answer 1

1. stimulus
2. sensor
3. integrator (control centre)
4. effector (regulator)
5. response

Question 2

Negative feedback if increase in body temperature

Answer 2

Stimulus-increase body temp
Sensor-receptors
Integrator-activates heat loss centre in hypothalamus
Effector-swear glands activate; secrete sweat which is vaporized by body heat skin blood vessels dilate. Capillaries become flushed with warm blood. Hear radiates from skin surface
Response-body temperature decreases and hypothalamus heat loss centre shuts off

Question 3

Negative feedback of decrease in body temperature

Answer 3

Stimulus- decrease in body temperature
Sensor-receptors
Integrator-activates heat promoting sensor in hypothalamus
Effector- shivering begins. Skin blood vessels constrict. Blood is drawn too deeper tissues
Response- body temperature increases

Question 4

What is a negative feedback loop? Ex.

Positive feedback? Ex.

Answer 4

Restore conditions to original state. Ex. Household thermostat

Reinforces change ex. Birthing process oxytocin causes stronger contractions.

Question 5

What is a thermoregulation?

What are endotherms?

Answer 5

Maintenance of body temp

Endotherms- maintain constant body temperature despite surroundings

Question 6

What are exercising endotherms? Some examples are…

Answer 6

Exercise to maintain core temperature

Dogs don’t have fur on belly curl up to keep stomach warm
Elephants have big ears more SA for sweat
Dogs pant for sweat

Question 7

What is homeostasis?

Answer 7

Body’s internal conditions are kept within a range that is suitable for life

Question 8

Mechanoreceptors

Answer 8

Detect mechanical energy, such as changes in body pressure, position, or acceleration

Question 9

Nocireceptors

Answer 9

Pain receptors
Detect tissue damage or noxious chemicals
There activity registers pain

Question 10

Chemoreceptors

Answer 10

Detect specific molecules or chemical conditions such as acidity ex. Tastebuds