Homeostasis: homeostasis in plants Flashcards
What is the shoot system made of
stems and leaves
What do the stems do
provide structural support and in some cases perform synthesis
What do the leaves do
they are the main organ specialized for photosynthesis
What is meristematic tissue
undifferentiated eymbryonic plant tissues from which all other plant tissues develop. meristems are areas that have rapidly dividing new cells. the apical meristems occur at the tip of the shoot and tip of the root. This tissue helps a plant grow
What is dermal tissue
the outer layers of cells that form a protective covering for the plant includes epidermis and periderm. Epidermis is the dermal tissue that males up a plant outer covering. it produces a waxy layer called a cuticle that protects the plant and reduces water loss by transpiration. periderm forms a cork layer in woody plants
What is a guard cell
a specialized epidermal cell; functioning in pairs, they regulate the opening of stomata/stoma
What is the stomata (plural)/stoma (singular)
a small opening, usually in the leaf underside, that allows gas exchange to occur. these gases are needed for photosynthesis and cell respiration. under hot, dry and windy conditions when relative humidity is low and at night when there is no photosynthesis, guard cells become flaccid and close the stoma. This reduces water loss by transpiration
What is root hair
hair-like structures that cover the surface of the root of a plant; they increase the surface area available for gas exchane and the absorption of water and nutrients
What are trichomes
tiny growth on the surface of leaves and stems that make it appear fuzzy. they keep surfaces cool and reduce water loss by evaporation (transpiration). some secrete toxins to repel herbivores. for example some trichomes such as those on passion vines, are deadly and puncture the skin of herbivores
What is ground tissue
a plant tissue that has multiple functions including photosynthesis, storage and support and that makes up most of the inside of a plant
What is vascular tissue
internal tubes through the stem that connect roots to the leaves. made up of two main parts, the Xylem and Phloem
What is the phloem
vascular tissue that transports organic nutrients (glucose) often from the leaves to the roots, but also from mature leaves to new leaves
What is the xylem
vascular tissue that transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
