homeostasis

Question 1

what is the definition of homeostasis?

Answer 1

a living organism maintaining a stable internal environment

Question 2

examples of homeostasis

Answer 2

Core body temperature
Water and electrolyte concentrations
pH (acidity or alkalinity of body fluids)
Blood glucose levels
Blood and tissue oxygen and carbon dioxide levels
Blood pressure

Question 3

what is the role of the control systems?

Answer 3

-the receptor/detector detects the problem
-the control centre recieves information from the receptor (sends to effector)
-the effector responds to the commands of the control centre by either opposing or enhancing stimulus
-this process maintains homeostasis

Question 4

detectors/receptors detect change in:

Answer 4

chemicals- chemoreceptors
blood pressure- baroreceptors
temperature- thermoreceptors
pain- nociceptors

Question 5

negative feedback mechanisms-
what happens when body temperature falls?

Answer 5

-blood vessels constrict so that heat is conserved
-sweat glands do not secrete fluid
-shivering(involuntary contraction of muscles) generates heat.
-heat is retained.

Question 6

negative feedback mechanisms-
what happens when body temperature rises?

Answer 6

-blood vessels dilate, resulting in heat loss to the environment.
-sweat glands secrete fluid
-as the fluid evaporates, the heat is lost from the body.
- heat is lost to the environment

Question 7

what is positive feedback mechanism?

Answer 7

positive feedback initiates stimuli and amplifies it (adds more), maintaining homeostasis.

Question 8

what is negative feedback mechanism?

Answer 8

when a variable triggers a counteract response in order to come back to the set point. (maintains homeostasis)

Question 9

example of positive feedback: a cut

Answer 9

• a break or tear in the blood vessel wall
• clotting occurs as platelets adhere to site and release chemicals
• released chemicals attract more platelets
• clotting proceeds until break is sealed by a newly formed clot (scabbing).

Question 10

additional support to maintain homeostasis

Answer 10

-medication
- surgery
- respiratory support
- intravenous therapy

Question 11

monitoring observations in practice

Answer 11

• a measure of homeostasis, ensures everything is stable
• essential for obs to be monitored and recorded accurately
• prioritise in workload planning
  -provide full explanations to your patient and maintain privacy and dignity at all times