homeostasis

Question 1

what is homeostasis

Answer 1

the body’s natural ability to maintain a stable and balanced internal environment.

Question 2

variables of maintenance of homeostasis

Answer 2

blood glucose
blood pressure
ion balance
water balance

Question 3

important contributes to homeostasis

Answer 3

endocrine and the nervous system as they allow communication through the body.

Question 4

mechanisms for maintaining homeostasis

Answer 4

restores normal state of the body after it has been disturbed
often maintained mainly through principle of feedback loop

Question 5

feedback loop

Answer 5

A control system that acts to maintain the level of some variable within a given range following a disturbance.

Question 6

when the body is in homeostasis

Answer 6

the set level of all variables are within physiological range.
there is a dynamic balance (no difference) between the set level and the input as the comparator an output to target organs.

Question 7

augment

Answer 7

to make something greater by adding to it

Question 8

comparator

Answer 8

compares current value to a desired value

Question 9

control centre

Answer 9

determines a set point (level or range) information travels from the control centre to the effector along efferent pathway.

Question 10

effector

Answer 10

usually the target organ, provides a mean for the control centre to influence a response to the stimulus.

Question 11

Endocrine

Answer 11

secretion from a gland or cell into the interstitial fluid or systemic circulation, to have its effect at a distant target.

Question 12

physiological range

Answer 12

range of values of a selected population with no known pathology related to that measurable variable.

Question 13

stimulus

Answer 13

a change occurs in the internal or external environment that disturbs homeostasis

Question 14

sensors

Answer 14

monitor the environment that disturbs homeostasis

Question 15

vasoconstriction

Answer 15

decrease in size of the lumen of a blood vessel caused by the concentration of vascular smooth muscle in the wall of the vessel.

Question 16

feedback loops are dynamic

Answer 16

if there is a difference in the set level and input at the comparator, an output to target organs will modulate the variable.

Question 17

controlled variable

Answer 17

can be influenced by external factors

Question 18

feedback communication

Answer 18

communication between components of the system is known as feedback which can have a positive or negative effect on the output from the control centre.

Question 19

negative feedback

Answer 19

when a change occurs in the opposite direction to the original stimulus.
a decrease in function in response to a stimulus

Question 20

positive feedback

Answer 20

when change occurs in the same direction as original stimulus.
an increase in function in response to a stimulus.

Question 21

cell to cell communication

Answer 21

electrical and chemical signals

Question 22

long distance communication

Answer 22

electrical and chemical (neurotransmitters and hormones)

Question 23

intracellular signalling pathways

Answer 23

chemical signals activate a receptor, translate chemical signals to cellular signals and create a response.