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5112 > Home screening tests > Flashcards

Home screening tests Flashcards

1
Q

menstrual cycle lenght

A

21-35 days

count start as first day

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2
Q

follicle

A

fluid filled sac that contains oocyte (immature egg)

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3
Q

FSH

A

follicle stimulating hormone - stimulates development of follicle in ovary

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4
Q

LH

A

Luteinizing hormone (LH) - stimulates release of egg from follicle (ovarian trigger)

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5
Q

phases of ovarian cycle

A

follicular phase - estrogen rising

luteal pase - progesterone rises, estrogen falls, inhibin rises

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6
Q

Hormone ovulation predictor

A

Detects LH and E3G (estogen component)
Ovulation occurs 24-36 hrs after LH surge
most fertile on day of and after LH surge
Start testing at day 5

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7
Q

Hormone ovulation follow-up

A

+ result = LH detected
cycle lengths vary
no conception within 3 months, contact physician

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8
Q

Hormone ovulation false results

A

recent discontinuation of birth control can skew results
false positive: medications used to increase LH, menopause, POCS
false negative: diluted urine

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9
Q

Ovulation: basal temperature

A

temp increases to 98.6, slight drop before ovulation
digital better reading
test on day 1 of period BEFORE getting out of bed

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10
Q

Fertilization

A

trophoblast: outer layer of cells protecting embryo
produce hCG
contribute to placental development -> more hCG

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11
Q

when does implantation occur

A

day 5

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12
Q

pregnancy test

A

detects hCG levels
peak at 6 weeks
test on first day of missed period

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13
Q

pregnancy test FP

A

recent miscarriage
fertility meds
ovarian cysts

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14
Q

pregnancy test FN

A

diluted urine
test performed too soon
collection cups with soap or wax residue

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15
Q

UTI tests

A

detect: nitrites (NIT) and Leukocyte esterase (LEU)

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16
Q

When to contact PCP for UTI test

A

When NIT positive, when both NIT and LEU positive

If only LEU positive, repeat test and call PCP

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17
Q

UTI FP

A

dyes or phenazopyridine (AZO)

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18
Q

UTI FN

A

strict vegetarian diet - lack NIT

Vit C > 250 - block NIT reaction

19
Q

Vaginal pH test

A

may detect presence of bacterial infection
bacterial vaginosis
trichomoniasis -> STD

20
Q

Normal pH of vagina

A

4-4.5 -> acidic environment, hydrogen peroxide, inhibits bacteria

21
Q

Vaginal PH positive

A

test changes color

call PCP

22
Q

Vaginal PH negative

A

no color change

may repeat

23
Q

Vaginal pH interference

A

menstruation
intercourse
douching

24
Q

HIV test

A

OraQuick

detects antibodies in saliva

25
Q

HIV test interference

A

food, drink, oral care products within 30 min of test
PrEP
should know approx time of exposure (test 3 months after)
have someone with them to support them

26
Q

HIV positive result

A

confirm with PCP

27
Q

HIV negative result

A

emphasize importance of regular testing

28
Q

Colorectal screens (CRC)

A

FOBT - fecal occult blood

FIT - fecal immunochemical test

29
Q

FOBT vs FIT

A

FOBT: detects heme in stool -> blue on test. Detects bleeding from ENTIRE GI
FIT: detects LOWER GI
more sensitive test than FOBT

30
Q

FOBT EZ-Detect pads

A

lay tissue in toilet after BM

31
Q

FOBT Hemoccult cards

A

lay tissue in toilet
smear stool on card - 3 samples
return card to lab

32
Q

FIT test

A

applicator wand to collect small stool sample
insert wand into tube and shake
squeeze 3 drops of sample solution into test well and read results

33
Q

FOBT interference

A

toilet cleaners, etc
aspirin and NSAIDS
FP: red meat, raw turnips, broccoli, horseradish
vitamin C

34
Q

FIT interference

A

none

35
Q

FOBT and FIT followup

A

positive: need further evaluation
negative: repeat process every year

36
Q

accuracy

A

measurement of agreement between a test result and accepted reference value

37
Q

precision

A

measure of agreement btwn repeated measurements

38
Q

prevalence

A

TP + FN/total population

39
Q

sensitivity

A

of ppl WITH disease that test positive/total people with disease (TP/TP+FN)

40
Q

specificity

A

of ppl WITHOUT disease that test negative/total ppl WITHOUT disease (TN/TN+FP)

41
Q

sensitivity

A

TP/(TP+FN)

42
Q

Specificity

A

TN/(TN+FP)

43
Q

Positive predictive value (PPV)

A

TP/(TP+FP)

than chance that the positive tests are correct

44
Q

Negative predictive value (NPV)

A

TN/(TN+FN)

chance that the negative tests are correct

5112 (12 decks)

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