Hollow Organ Flashcards
Hollow organ terdiri dari
esofagus, gaste, intestinum tenue, intestinum crassum
esofagus dibagi menjadi
• Pars cervicalis • Lower border of pharynx/C6/lower border cricoid top of posterior mediastinum • Pars thoracica • Superoposterior mediastinum T10 (hiatus esophagicus) • Pars abdominalis • Hiatus esophagicus cardia
arteri esofagus
• Cervical part • Inferior thyroid artery • Ascending pharyngeal artery • Thoracic part • Inferior thyroid artery • Aorta thoracalis (Aa. Esophagicae propriae) • Aa. Bronchiales • A. Gastrica sinistra • A. Phrenica inferior sinistra • Abdominal part - Rr. Esophageales from • A. Gastrica sinistra • A. Phrenica inferior sinistra • (A. Lienalis) • (A. Gastrica brevis)
vena esofagus
• Cervical part • Plexus submucous esophagi inf. Thyroid v. brachiocephalic v. superior vena cava • Thoracic part • Plexus venosus esophagus • Azygos&Hemiazygos veins superior vena cava • Left gastric veins portal system • Abdominal part - Left gastric veins portal system - Inferior phrenic vein superior vena cava
innervasi esofagus
• Cervical part: • Plexus pharyngealis (N. IX + N.X
+ Truncus symphaticus pars
cervicalis)
• Thoracic and abdominal part: • Plexus esophagealis (fibers
from two vagus nerves)
anterior & posterior vagal trunk
• Motoric: N. X • Sensory: • Normal rythm: N. X • Pain: Splanchnic nerves &
Truncus symphaticus pars
cervicalis
pembagian gaster
• Cardia: surrounds the opening of esophagus to stomach • Fundus: area above the level of cardiac orifice • Corpus: between fundus & pylorus • Pylorus: pyloric antrum -pyloric canal
arteri gaster
• Arterial supply: Celiac
artery (foregut artery)
• Left gastric artery • Common hepatic artery • Proper hepatic artery: right
gastric artery
• Gastroduodenale artery:
right gastroepiploic artery
• Splenic artery • Short gastric artery • Left gastroepiploic artery
vena gaster
• Venous drainage • Parrallel with arteries • All drain both directly into the portal vein and indirectly via splenic/superior mesenteric vein • Portal vein: junction between splenic & superior mesenteric vein
innervasi gaster
• Automatic nervous system: • Sympathetic fibers from celiac plexus (from splanchnici nerves) • Parasympathetic fibers from vagal trunk (anterior and posterior)
pembagian duodenum
• begins at the pylorus and ends at the duodenojejunal flexure (junction) • Parts: • Superior: duodenal cap • Descenden: papilla duodeni, junction of foregut&midgut • Transverse: crossed by superior mesenteric artery, just superior to the root of inferior mesenteric artery • Ascenden: ligamentum Treitz
struktur pada Descending part of duodenum
• bile and main pancreatic ducts enter its posteromedial wall. • form the hepatopancreatic ampulla, which opens onthe major duodenal papilla, located posteromedially
arteri duodenum
• Arterial supply: • Celiac trunk • Gastroduodenalis artery: (superior duodenal artery), superior pancreaticoduodenal artery • Superior mesenteric artery: • Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
vena duodenum
• Venous drainage
• All drain both directly into the
portal vein and indirectly via
splenic/superior mesenteric vein
innervasi duodenum
Celiac and superior mesenteric plexuses • Anterior & posterior vagus nerve • Greater and lesser (abdominopelvic) splanchnic nerves
innercasi jejunum dan ileum
• Nerves: • Extrinsic (from & to CNS): visceral afferent&efferent (sympathetic¶sympathetic) • Intrinsic (enteric nervous system): Meissner (submucosal) & Auerbach (intramuscular) • Extrinsic innervation: • Parasympathetic: vagus nerve posterior vagal trunk • Sympathetic: superior mesenteric nerve plexus through the sympathetic trunks and thoracic abdominopelvic (greater, lesser, and least) splanchnic nerves.
struktur pada large intestine
• General features: taenia coli,
haustra, appendices epiploicae,
semilunar folds
pembagian large intestine
Consists of: cecum, appendix,
colon, rectum, anal canal
arteri Caecum &
appendix
• Arterialization: Ileocolic artery • Cecal artery (anterior et posterior rami) • Appendicular artery
vena dan nervous Caecum & Appendix
• Veins: drains to superior mesenteric vein • Nerves: Celiac & superior mesentery plexus
VAN Ascending
colon
- Arterial supply:
- Ileocolica artery: anterior et posterior cecal, colic artery
- Right colic artery
- Middle colic artery
- Veins: superior mesentericportal vein
- Nerves: celiac & mesentery plexus
VAN Transverse
colon
- Arterial supply:
- Right colic artery
- Middle colic artery
- Left colic artery
- Veins:
- Right ¾ : superior mesentericportal vein
- Left ¼ : inferior mesentericsplenic veinportal vein
- Nerves: celiac & mesentery plexus
VAN Descending
colon
• Arterial supply:
• Ascending br. of Left colic artery
• Veins: inferior mesentericsplenic veinportal vein
• Nerves: inferior mesentery & hypogastric plexusleft
colic & sigmoid plexus
VAN Sigmoid
colon
• Divided into: Fixed superior (iliac portion) & mobile
inferior (pelvic portion)
• Arterial supply: Descending br. of left colic artery, sigmoid
arteries (inferior mesenteric artery)
• Veins: inferior mesenteric vein
• Nerves: inferior mesentery & hypogastric plexus
VAN Rectum
• Artery: • Superior rectal artery (Inferior mesenteric artery) • Middle rectal artery (Internal iliac artery) • Inferior rectal artery (Internal pudendal artery) • Median sacral artery (abdominal aorta) • Vein: • Above the anorectal line: Internal hemorrhoidal plexus superior rectal veins inferior mesenteric vein • Below the anorectal line: inferior rectal veins internal pudendal vein internal iliac vein inferior vena cava • Middle rectal vein internal iliac vein inferior vena cava Innervation: o Sympathetic: Inferior mesenteric plexus Superior hypogastric plexus o Parasympathetic: Pelvic splanchnic nerves (afferent) Pudendal nerve (sphincter)
