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Anatomy > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Regio Abdomen

A 
1. REGIO HYPOCHODRIACA
DEXTRA
2. REGIO EPIGASTRICA
3. REGIO HYPOCHONDRIACA
SINISTRA
4. REGIO LUMBALIS DEXTRA
5. REGIO UMBILICALIS
6. REGIO LUMBALIS
SINISTRA
7. REGIO INGUINALIS
DEXTRA
8. REGIO PUBICA
9. REGIO INGUINALIS
SINISTRA
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2
Q

landmark for 9 regions

A
  • Midclavicular line
  • Subcostal plane
  • Transtubercular plane
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3
Q

Langmark for quadrant patterns

A
  • Midsternal/median plane

* Transumbilical plane

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4
Q

pembagian abdominal wall

A

• ANTERIOR WALL
LATERAL WALL
• POSTERIOR WALL

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5
Q

ABDOMINAL CAVITY

A 
The abdominal wall enclosed the
abdominal cavity
• The abdominal cavity form the major
part of the abdomino - pelvic cavity
(the combined and continuous
abdominal and pelvic cavities)
• Lined with peritoneum, a serous
membrane
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6
Q

isi abdominal cavity

A 
• HOLLOW ORGANS :
– ESOPHAGUS ( ABDOMINAL PART )
– GASTER/STOMACH
– INTESTINUM TENUE/SMALL INTESTINE
– INTESTINUM CRASSUM/LARGE INTESTINE
• GLANDS :
– HEPAR / LIVER
– PANCREAS
• RETICULO ENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM :
LIEN/SPLEEN
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7
Q

abdominal wall layers

A 
1. CUTIS/SKIN
UMBILICUS
STRIAE ALBICANS/GRAVIDARUM
2. SUBCUTIS
 - LAMINA SUPERFICIAL:
 FASCIA CAMPER
 - LAMINA PROFUNDUS :
 FASCIA SCARPA
3. MUSCULATUR /MUSCLES
 a. LATERAL :
M. OBLIQUUS EXTERNUS ABD
 M. OBLIQUUS INTERNUS ABD
 M. TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
 b. VENTRAL:
M. RECTUS ABDOMINIS
 M. PYRAMIDALIS
4. FASCIA TRANSVERSA
ABDOMINIS
5. PERITONEUM PARIETALE
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8
Q

Function of the anterolateral

abdominal muscles

A

• Protect the abdominal viscera from injury
• Compressing the abdominal viscera to
maintain or increase intra abdominal
pressure (respiration, coughing, defecation,
micturition, vomiting, parturition )
• Produce anterior and lateral flexion of the
trunk, rotatory movement of the trunk and
help maintain posture

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9
Q

upper two third of rectus sheath

A

 Anterior layer, formed by
The external abdominal and internal abdominal
oblique aponeurosis
 Posterior layer, formed by
The internal abdominal oblique and transverse
abdominal aponeurosis

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10
Q

lower one third

A

 Anterior layer, formed by :
The aponeurosis of all three lateral muscles
 Posterior layer : absent, transversalis fascia and
parietal peritoneum to cover the rectus
abdominis posteriorly
 Arcuate line often demarcates the transition
between the posterior rectus sheath proximally
and the transversalis fascia covering the inferior one third

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11
Q

pembagian musculus abdominal

A

• Muscular part
• Aponeurosis part → serat jaringan
ikat putih yang menempel ke otot
atau tulang

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12
Q

isi rectus sheath

A
  • M. Rectus abdominis
  • M. Pyramidalis
  • VASA epigastric superior & inferior
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13
Q

linea alba adalah

A

bagian lamina anterior dan posteior dari rectus sheath yang menyatu

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14
Q

innervasi dinding abdomen

A
    1. INTERCOSTALIS 6 – 11
    1. SUBCOSTALIS
    1. ILIOHYPOGASTRICUS
    1. ILIOINGUINALIS
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15
Q

vaskularisasi dinding abdomen

A
  1. A/V EPIGASTRICA SUPERF.
  2. A/V CIRCUMFLEXA ILIUM SUPERF
  3. A/V EPIGASTRICA INFERIOR
  4. A/V EPIGASTRICA SUPERIOR
  5. A/V MUSCULOPHRENICA
  6. A/V LUMBALIS
  7. A/V INTERCOSTALIS
  8. A/V CIRCUMFLEXA ILIUM PROF.
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16
Q

LYMPH DRAINAGE :

A 
SUPERIOR TO UMBILICUS
 LNN.AXILLARIS SUPERFICIALIS
INFERIOR TO UMBILICUS
LNN.SUBINGUINALIS TRACTUS
 HORIZONTALIS
17
Q

Fossa Peritoneale

A

Supravesical fossa
Between the median and the medial umbilical
fold
Medial inguinal fossa
Between the medial and the lateral umbilical
fold, area also commonly called inguinal
triangles (Hesselbach triangles ). These are
potential sites for direct inguinal hernias.
Lateral ingunal fossa
Lateral to the lateral umbilical fold, there is
deep ingunal rings, potential sites for indirect
ingunal hernia

18
Q

struktur khusus

A 
Canalis
Inguinalis
&
Feniculus
Spermaticus
19
Q

dinding Canalis Inguinalis

A

• Dinding-dinding :
• Anterior : aponeurosis M. Obliquus externus abdominis & M. Obliquus
internus abdominis
• Posterior : fascia transversa
• Inferior : ligamen inguinale & lacunare lig.
• Superior :  laterally : transversalis fascia
 Centrally : musculoaponeurotic arches of
internal oblique & transverse abdominal
muscle
 Medially : medial crus of the ext. oblique
aponeurosis

20
Q

celah diantara 2 cincin

A
  • Annulus inguinalis superficialis

* Annulus inguinalis profundus

21
Q

isi Canalis Inguinalis

A
  • Berisi :
  • Pria → feniculus spermaticus & N. Ilioinguinalis
  • Sering terjadi hernia di canalis karena resistensi jaringan yang rendah
  • Wanita → ligamen teres uteri & N. Ilioinguinalis
  • Jarang terjadi hernia karena celah sempit
22
Q

isi Funiculus Spermaticus

A
  • Ductus deferens
  • A. Spermatica externa & interna
  • A. Ductus deferens
  • Plexus vena pampiniformis
  • Plexus nervosus
  • Limfatik
23
Q

3 lapisan pembungkus Funiculus Spermaticus

A

• Fascia spermatica interna → berasal dari Fascia transversa abdominis
• Fascia cremasterica/ M. Cremaster → berasal dari M. Obliquus internus abdominis
• Fascia spermatica externa → berasal dari aponeurosis M. Obliquus externus
abdominis

24
Q

Peritoneum/tunica serosa

A
  • Membran serous dari stratum mesothelium dan kolagen
  • Terdiri dari
  • Lamina parietalis → melapisi dinding abdomen
  • Lamina visceralis → melapisi viscera
  • Di antara 2 lamina ada space → greater sac → berisi cairan peritoneal
  • Fungsinya
  • Mengurangi gesekan organ
  • Tempat cadangan lemak
  • Lokalisir infeksi
  • Absorpsi larutan (injeksi intraperitoneal)
  • Inervasi mengikuti dinding abdomen
25
Q

pengertian CAVUM PERITONEI

A

potential space of capillary thinness

between the parietal and the visceral layers of peritoneum

26
Q

isi CAVUM PERITONEI

A 
Consist of 2 form :
1. GREATER SAC
 ( the abdomino pelvic cavity )
a. The abdominal cavity
 It extends from the inferior surface of
the diaphragm to the pelvic brim
b. The pelvic cavity
 It extends from pelvic brim to the
pelvic diaphragm
2. LESSER SAC / OMENTAL BURSA
 Expansion of the peritoneal
cavity/greater sac towards left and
back of gaster
BOUNDARIES : ?
EPIPLOIC / OMENTAL FORAMEN (
WINSLOWI ): opening between the
greater sac and lesser sac
27
Q

batas FORAMEN EPIPLOICUM ( WINSLOWI )

A 
ANTERIOR :
 LESSER OMENTUM
 ( HEPATODUODENAL LIG. )
POSTERIOR :
VENA CAVA INFERIOR
SUPERIOR :
CAUDATE LOBES HEPATIC
INFERIOR :
 PARS CRANIAL DUODENI

Anatomy (12 decks)

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