AccessoryOrgan

Question 1

accesory organ

Answer 1

liver, gall bladder, pancreas, spleen

Question 2

lokasi liver

Answer 2

Inferior to diaphragm (right
hipochondriac – epigastric region)
• Mostly covered by the rib cage

Question 3

fungsi liver

Answer 3

• Bile production&secretion
• Glycogen, minerals, vitamins storage,
• Protein synthesis
• Production of heparin & bile pigments
• Detoxify poison, drugs

Question 4

liver adalah…

Answer 4

• Largest gland in the body!

* Highly vascular

Question 5

permukaan liver

Answer 5

• Diaphragmatic (contact with diaphragma)
• Bare area
• Visceral (contact with visceral organ)

Question 6

lobus liver

Answer 6

• Anatomically:
• Right lobe  Quadrate lobe & Caudate lobe
• Left lobe
Divided by:
• Falciform ligament
• Fossa for gall bladder & inferior vena cava
• Functionally:
• Right lobe, Include right half caudate lobe
• Left lobe, include
• Quadrate lobe
• Left half Caudate lobe
Divided by: imaginary line between fundus of
gall bladder & inferior vena cava

Question 7

struktur pada visceral surface

Answer 7

• Hepatic Vein (into inferior
vena cava)
• Porta Hepatis
• Hepatic Artery (from
abdominal aorta )
• Hepatic Portal Vein
• Carries nutrient-rich blood
from stomach and intestines
to liver
• Hepatic portal system = 2
capillary beds!
• Hepatic Ducts (carry bile)

Question 8

pelekatan dengan diafragma

Answer 8

• Falciform lig. also to anterior abdominal wall, until umbilicus
• Coronary lig.
• Right & left triangular lig.

Question 9

vaskularisasi liver

Answer 9

• Blood supply: proper hepatic artery
• Venous drainage:
• Portal vein
• Hepatic vein

Question 10

lokasi gallbladder

Answer 10

lying on the visceral surface of the right lobe of the liver in a fossa between the right and quadrate lobes.

Question 11

pembagian gallbladder

Answer 11

• Fundus of gallbladder, which may project from the inferior border of the
liver,
• Body of gallbladder, which may be against the transverse colon and the
superior part of the duodenum;
• Neck of gallbladder with mucosal folds forming the spiral fold.

Question 12

duct system

Answer 12

• Common Hepatic duct
• Union of right and left hepatic
duct
• Carries bile from liver
• Cystic duct
• Joins common hepatic duct to
form the common bile duct
• Carries bile from gallbladder
• Common Bile duct (Ductus
choledochus)
• Empties into the duodenum
through papilla Vateri

Question 13

arteri gallbladder

Answer 13

Blood supply
cystic artery (right hepatic artery)

Question 14

kontrol bile

Answer 14

• Bile secreted by liver continuously
• Hepatopancreatic (Vater) ampulla
• common bile + main pancreatic duct meet and enter
duodenum
• Sphincter of Oddi around it
• closed when bile not needed for digestion
• Bile then backs up into gallbladder via cystic duct
• When needed gallbladder contracts, sphincters open

Question 15

fungsi pancreas

Answer 15

• Exocrine
• Produce enzymes that digest food
• Endocrine
• Produce hormones that regulate
blood sugar (insulin and glucagon)

Question 16

lokasi pancreas

Answer 16

• Curve of duodenum

* Extends to spleen

Question 17

pembagian pancreas

Answer 17

• Head of pancreas (caput) lies within the Cshaped concavity of the duodenum;
• uncinate process;
• Neck of pancreas is anterior to the superior
mesenteric vessels. Posterior to the neck of
the pancreas, the superior mesenteric and
the splenic veins join to form the portal vein;
• Body of pancreas
• Tail of pancreas (cauda) ends as it passes
between layers of the splenorenal ligament.

Question 18

Pancreas duct system

Answer 18

• The pancreatic duct begins in the tail of the pancreas .
• In the lower part of the head of pancreas, the pancreatic duct joins the bile
duct and forms the hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater),
• Ampula of Vater enters the descending part of the duodenum at the major
duodenal papilla. Surrounding the ampulla is the sphincter of ampulla
(sphincter of Oddi), which is a collection of smooth muscle.
• The accessory pancreatic duct

Question 19

lokasi lien

Answer 19

Lies against the diaphragm, in the area of rib IX to rib XI

 left upper quadrant, or left hypochondriac region

Question 20

anatomi lien

Answer 20

3 borders, 2 ends, 2 surfaces.
A. Ends: lateral/anterior end (Broad) and
Medial/posterior end (tapering)
B. Borders
 Upper(Anterior) border: Sharp & notched
 Lower (Posterior)border: (Broad)
 Intermediate border: thick, incomplete. Extends from
the medial end till the hilum).
C. Surfaces
 1- Diaphragmatic surface: Convex, Related to the diaphragm
which separates it from base of left lung and its pleura, and
left ribs IX - XI.
 2- Visceral surface: Concave, irregular, directed to the
abdominal cavity.
Contains the hilum and organ impressions:
1- Gastric impression 3- Colic impression
2- Renal impression. 4- Pancreatic impression

Question 21

pelekatan lien

Answer 21

1-Gastrosplenic ligament:
 from the fundus and greater
curvature of stomach to the
hilum of spleen.
2- Lienorenal ligament:
 From the lower border of the
hilum of spleen to the anterior
surface of kidney.

Question 22

The gastrosplenic ligament mengandunga

Answer 22

• Short gastric vessels
• Left gastroepiploic vessels
• Lymph nodes

Question 23

The lieno-renal ligament mengandung

Answer 23

• Splenic vessels
• Tail of pancreas
• Lymph nodes

Question 24

Blood supply for hepar, gall bladder,

pancreas and spleen

Answer 24

Coeliac trunk

• Common hepatic artery
• Left gastric artery
• Spleen artery

Question 25

portal vein merupakan gabungan

Answer 25

Superior mesenteric and the splenic veins

join to form the portal vein

Question 26

stuktur spesial

Answer 26

Portosystemic anastomosis occur at:
• Gastroesophageal junction
• Anus – superior rectal vein of
portal system with middle and
inferior rectal veins of systemic
venous system
• anterior abdominal wall around
umbilicus.