AccessoryOrgan

Question 1

accesory organ

Answer 1

liver, gall bladder, pancreas, spleen

Question 2

lokasi liver

Answer 2

Inferior to diaphragm (right
hipochondriac – epigastric region)
• Mostly covered by the rib cage

Question 3

fungsi liver

Answer 3

• Bile production&secretion
• Glycogen, minerals, vitamins storage,
• Protein synthesis
• Production of heparin & bile pigments
• Detoxify poison, drugs

Question 4

liver adalah…

Answer 4

• Largest gland in the body!

* Highly vascular

Question 5

permukaan liver

Answer 5

• Diaphragmatic (contact with diaphragma)
• Bare area
• Visceral (contact with visceral organ)

Question 6

lobus liver

Answer 6

• Anatomically:
• Right lobe  Quadrate lobe & Caudate lobe
• Left lobe
Divided by:
• Falciform ligament
• Fossa for gall bladder & inferior vena cava
• Functionally:
• Right lobe, Include right half caudate lobe
• Left lobe, include
• Quadrate lobe
• Left half Caudate lobe
Divided by: imaginary line between fundus of
gall bladder & inferior vena cava

Question 7

struktur pada visceral surface

Answer 7

• Hepatic Vein (into inferior
vena cava)
• Porta Hepatis
• Hepatic Artery (from
abdominal aorta )
• Hepatic Portal Vein
• Carries nutrient-rich blood
from stomach and intestines
to liver
• Hepatic portal system = 2
capillary beds!
• Hepatic Ducts (carry bile)

Question 8

pelekatan dengan diafragma

Answer 8

• Falciform lig. also to anterior abdominal wall, until umbilicus
• Coronary lig.
• Right & left triangular lig.

Question 9

vaskularisasi liver

Answer 9

• Blood supply: proper hepatic artery
• Venous drainage:
• Portal vein
• Hepatic vein

Question 10

lokasi gallbladder

Answer 10

lying on the visceral surface of the right lobe of the liver in a fossa between the right and quadrate lobes.

Question 11

pembagian gallbladder

Answer 11

• Fundus of gallbladder, which may project from the inferior border of the
liver,
• Body of gallbladder, which may be against the transverse colon and the
superior part of the duodenum;
• Neck of gallbladder with mucosal folds forming the spiral fold.

Question 12

duct system

Answer 12

• Common Hepatic duct
• Union of right and left hepatic
duct
• Carries bile from liver
• Cystic duct
• Joins common hepatic duct to
form the common bile duct
• Carries bile from gallbladder
• Common Bile duct (Ductus
choledochus)
• Empties into the duodenum
through papilla Vateri

Question 13

arteri gallbladder

Answer 13

Blood supply
cystic artery (right hepatic artery)

Question 14

kontrol bile

Answer 14

• Bile secreted by liver continuously
• Hepatopancreatic (Vater) ampulla
• common bile + main pancreatic duct meet and enter
duodenum
• Sphincter of Oddi around it
• closed when bile not needed for digestion
• Bile then backs up into gallbladder via cystic duct
• When needed gallbladder contracts, sphincters open

Question 15

fungsi pancreas

Answer 15

• Exocrine
• Produce enzymes that digest food
• Endocrine
• Produce hormones that regulate
blood sugar (insulin and glucagon)

Question 16

lokasi pancreas

Answer 16

• Curve of duodenum

* Extends to spleen

Question 17

pembagian pancreas

Answer 17

• Head of pancreas (caput) lies within the Cshaped concavity of the duodenum;
• uncinate process;
• Neck of pancreas is anterior to the superior
mesenteric vessels. Posterior to the neck of
the pancreas, the superior mesenteric and
the splenic veins join to form the portal vein;
• Body of pancreas
• Tail of pancreas (cauda) ends as it passes
between layers of the splenorenal ligament.

Question 18

Pancreas duct system

Answer 18

• The pancreatic duct begins in the tail of the pancreas .
• In the lower part of the head of pancreas, the pancreatic duct joins the bile
duct and forms the hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater),
• Ampula of Vater enters the descending part of the duodenum at the major
duodenal papilla. Surrounding the ampulla is the sphincter of ampulla
(sphincter of Oddi), which is a collection of smooth muscle.
• The accessory pancreatic duct

Question 19

lokasi lien

Answer 19

Lies against the diaphragm, in the area of rib IX to rib XI

 left upper quadrant, or left hypochondriac region

Question 20

anatomi lien

Answer 20

3 borders, 2 ends, 2 surfaces.
A. Ends: lateral/anterior end (Broad) and
Medial/posterior end (tapering)
B. Borders
 Upper(Anterior) border: Sharp & notched
 Lower (Posterior)border: (Broad)
 Intermediate border: thick, incomplete. Extends from
the medial end till the hilum).
C. Surfaces
 1- Diaphragmatic surface: Convex, Related to the diaphragm
which separates it from base of left lung and its pleura, and
left ribs IX - XI.
 2- Visceral surface: Concave, irregular, directed to the
abdominal cavity.
Contains the hilum and organ impressions:
1- Gastric impression 3- Colic impression
2- Renal impression. 4- Pancreatic impression

Question 21

pelekatan lien

Answer 21

1-Gastrosplenic ligament:
 from the fundus and greater
curvature of stomach to the
hilum of spleen.
2- Lienorenal ligament:
 From the lower border of the
hilum of spleen to the anterior
surface of kidney.

Question 22

The gastrosplenic ligament mengandunga

Answer 22

• Short gastric vessels
• Left gastroepiploic vessels
• Lymph nodes

Question 23

The lieno-renal ligament mengandung

Answer 23

• Splenic vessels
• Tail of pancreas
• Lymph nodes

Question 24

Blood supply for hepar, gall bladder,

pancreas and spleen

Answer 24

Coeliac trunk

• Common hepatic artery
• Left gastric artery
• Spleen artery

Question 25

portal vein merupakan gabungan

Answer 25

Superior mesenteric and the splenic veins | join to form the portal vein

Question 26

stuktur spesial

Answer 26

``` Portosystemic anastomosis occur at: • Gastroesophageal junction • Anus – superior rectal vein of portal system with middle and inferior rectal veins of systemic venous system • anterior abdominal wall around umbilicus. ```