Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MBBS II HNNS > HNNS Anatomy- Structure and Functions of Head and Neck > Flashcards

HNNS Anatomy- Structure and Functions of Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

2 main parts of the skull?

A

1) Cranium: Calvaria and upper half of face

2) Mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Number of facial bones?

A 
6 paired: 
Lacrimal 
Zygomatic 
Nasal 
Maxilla 
Inferior nasal concha 
Palatine

2 unpaired
Mandible
Vomer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List the sutures that join the skull bones superiorly?

A

Coronal sutures join frontal and parietal bones
Saggital suture join 2 parietal bones
Lamdoid suture join parietal bones with occipital bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Define the location of Bregma and Lambda?

A

Bregma/ Anterior fontanelle = point where coronal suture meets sagittal suture

Lambda/ Posterior fontanelle = point where Lamdoid suture meets saggital suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define the thinnest part of the cranium and clinical significance?

A

Pterion

Overlie anterior division of the Middle meningeal A/V
Blow out = serious bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

List the bones that form the orbit?

A

Frontal, zygomatic, maxillary, ethmoid, Greater wing of sphenoid and Lacrimal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define the location of the infraorbital foramen and what passes through it?

A 
At floor of orbit 
Infraorbital nerve (V2) passes through
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define the opening that allows for passage of the Mental nerve (v3)

A

Pair of lateral openings at anterior mandible = Mental foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define the location and content of the mandibular foramen?

A

Medial ramus

Inferior alveolar nerve, artery and vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define the opening for passage of CN I, II, III, IV?

A

I = Anterior cranial fossa, Cribiform plate of ethmoid bone

II = Middle cranial fossa, Optic canal in the lesser wing of sphenoid

III = Superior orbital fissure

IV = Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Content of the superior orbital fissure?

A
  • Superior ophthalmic vein + br. of Inferior Opthalmic vein
  • Superior + Inferior division of Oculomotor nerve (CN III)
  • Trochlear nerve (CN IV)
  • Nasociliary, Lacrimal and Frontal nerves (V1)
  • Abducens nerve (CN VI)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define the openings for passage of the 3 divisions of CN V?

A 
V1 = Superior orbital fissure 
V2 = Foramen rotundum 
V3 = Foramen ovale
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Define the opening for passage of CN VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII?

A

Internal acoustic meatus = CN 7,8

Jugul ar foramen = CN 9,10,11

Hypoglossal canal = CN 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What cavities does foramen rotundum connect?

A

middle cranial fossa and the pterygopalatine fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Content of Foramen Ovale?

A 
O = Otic ganglion 
V = V3 
A = Accessory Meningeal artery 
L = Lesser petrosal nerve 
E = Emissary veins
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Content of Foramen Spinosum?

A

Foramen spinosum:

Middle meningeal artery
Middle meningeal vein
Meningeal branch of CN V3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Content of foramen magnum?

A 
Vertebral arteries
Medulla and meninges
CN XI (spinal division)
Dural veins
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Content of jugular foramen?

A 
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Vagus nerve (CN X)
Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Jugular bulb
Inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the structure of the TMJ?

A

Head of mandible/ Condyloid process articulate with the temporal bone at Mandibular fossa

Synovial joint, separated by fibrocartilaginous discs into upper and lower cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

List the division of the neck fasciae?

A

Superficial fascia = Subcutaneous fat below skin + Nerves, veins, Platysma muscle

Deep fascia = 3 layers converge at carotid sheath
- Investing, Pretracheal, Prevertebral layers

21
Q

Content of carotid sheath

A

Vagus nerve, common carotid artery, Internal jugular vein

22
Q

Define the borders of 2 triangles of the neck?

A

2 triangles divided by SCM (from mastoid process to sternum/ clavicle)

Anterior triangle = Midline, anterior border of SCM
Posterior = SCM and trapezius

23
Q

Innervation fo the strap muscles?

A

Ansa Cervicalis (C1-C3), part of the cervical plexus

24
Q

List the 4 processes of the Maxilla?

A

Frontal process = medial border or orbit
Zygomatic = part of zygomatic arch
Alveolar = teeth
Palatine = part of hard palate

25
Q

Which bones form the zygomatic arch?

A

Maxilla (zygomatic process)
Zygomatic bone
Temporal bone (zygomatic process)

26
Q

Define the borders of the Pterygopalatine fossa+ content?

A

Pterygomaxillary fissures: Between Maxilla (anterior border) and Lateral pterygoid plate (posterior border)

Contains Sphenopalatine foramen (sphenopalatine artery (Maxillary a. br.) to Nasal cavity) + Pterygopalatine ganglion

27
Q

Content of the supraorbital notch?

A

Supraorbital VAN and Supratrochlear VAN

28
Q

Define the content of Stylomastoid foramen, Carotid foramen, Jugular foramen, Foramen lacerum of the Temporal bone?

A

Stylomastoid = Facial nerve from middle ear
Carotid = ICA
Jugular = CN 9,10,11 + IJV
Foramen lacerum = Greater Petrosal Nerve (CN7) + emissary veins from cavernous sinus to pterygoid venous plexus

29
Q

List the surface markings at the inferior parietal bones?

A

Granulation foveolae

Grooves for superior saggital fissure and middle meningeal vessels

30
Q

Define the location of the 3 cranial fossae?

A

Anterior fossa = Above orbit
Middle = Above zygomatic arch
Posterior = Below superior nuchal line

31
Q

ROM of TMJ?

A

Opening and closing jaw
Protuding
Grinding: L/R oblique movement

32
Q

Describe how dislocation of TMJ occurs?

A

Condyle of mandible displaced anterior to articular eminence
Muscle spasm prevents return of condyle into glenoid fossa

33
Q

Compare the functions of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses?

A

Nasal = Olfaction, Moisturising + warming + filtering air

Paranasal = Resonance in voice, reduce weight of skull

34
Q

Define the superior and inferior border of neck?

A

Superior = Mandible and Basicranium

Inferior = Sternum, Clavicle, Acromion of scapula , C7 spinous process

35
Q

List the structures surrounded by the pretracheal layer of deep fascia of neck?

A 
Larynx 
Trachea 
Pharynx 
Esophagus 
Glands: Thymus, thyroid, parathyroid
36
Q

List the structures bound by carotid sheath?

A

Carotid sheath = convergence of all 3 layers of deep fascia

Common and internal carotid arteries
IJV
Vagus

37
Q

Content surrounded by Prevertebral and Deep investing layer of deep fascia of neck?

A

Prevertebral = Cervical spine and muscles

Deep = SCM, Trapezius

38
Q

3 parts of the pharynx?

A 
Nasopahrynx = behind nasal cavity 
Oro- = behind oral cavity 
Laryngo- = behind larynx
39
Q

Superior and inferior connection of the Larynx?

A 
Superior = Pharynx 
Inferior = trachea
40
Q

Define the superior and inferior attachement of the SCM?

A 
Superior = Mastoid process and Occipital bone 
Inferor = Sternum and clavicle
41
Q

Define the attachment of the Trapezius in the neck?

A

Axial = skull, nuchal ligament, thoracic vertebrae (supraspinous and spinous processes)

Shoulder girdle = Lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion, scapular

42
Q

Define the Apex, Base, Floor and Roof of the Posterior triangle of neck?

A 
Apex = back of skull 
Base = Middle clavicle 
Floor = Flexor and extensor muscles of cervical spine (covered by prevertebral fascia) 
Roof = Deep investing layer of cervical fascia
43
Q

List the contents of the posterior triangle of neck?

A

BALOOE

Brachial plexus 
Accessory nerve (CN11) 
LN
Omohyoid muscle
Occipital, Subclavian, Suprascapular and Dorsal Scapular arteries 
External Jugular vein
44
Q

Content of Anterior triangle of neck?

A

Trachea, Esophagus
Infrahyoid muscles: Sternohyoid, Omohyoid, Thyrohyoid, Sternothyroid
Thyroid + Parathyroid gland

45
Q

List the 4 smaller triangles divided from the anterior triangle? Define borders.

A

Submandibular triangle = Inferior border of mandible, Anterior and posterior belly of diagastric

Submental triangle = Midline, Anterior belly of diagastric, Hyoid bone

Carotid triangle = Upper omohyoid, Stylohyoid, Posterior belly of diagastric, SCM

Muscular triangle = Midline, hyoid, upper omohyoid, SCM

46
Q

Which subdivision of anterior triangle of neck contains Carotid arteries, IJV, CN10,11,12, Deep cervical LN?

A

Carotid triangle

47
Q

Content of Muscular triangle of neck?

A

Thyroid gland
Larynx
Trachea
Esophagus

48
Q

Content of submandibular triangle of neck?

A 
Submandibular gland 
Facial A/V
CN12 
Ext. and Int. Jugular vein 
CN10 
Deep cervical and submandibular LN
49
Q

Content of submental triangle of neck?

A

Submental LN, Anterior Jugular vein

MBBS II HNNS (57 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions