HIV+Pseudoaneurysm Flashcards
Stem; A Male patient known case of HIV, HBV, HCV presented with red groin mass after injection to the groin.
Stem; A Male patient known case of HIV, HBV, HCV presented with red groin mass after injection to the groin.
Q1. What type is HIV virus?
Q2. What are the Subtypes of HIV?
Single stranded RNA retro virus
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1 and 2
Q3. What are the characteristic of HIV?
Retrovirus transmitted through body fluids.
STI by contact or transfer of blood / Semen / Pre-ejaculate and viginal fluids
non-STI from mother to child during pregnancy or at child birth by exposure to her blood or vaginal fluids and breast milk.
Q4. What are the causes of true and false aneurysm? What are the differences between true and false aneurysm?
True: * Congenital: Marfan’s, Ehlers-Danlos * Acquired: atherosclerosis * Infection: Syphilis False: * Trauma: IV injections, horse rides “popliteal aneurysm “* Surgery
Differnce; True – > all layers of vessel
False – > subintimal layer only affected
Q5: Which layer is affected in pseudoaneurysm?
Subintimal Layer
Q6. Why does he have bleeding?
Due to trauma and liver affected by HCV / HBV leading to affection of Coagulation
Q7: Precaution necded to stop blecding?
WHO guidelines; Wear Cap / Apron / mask/ Eye protection and double gloves
Q8. You keep pressing on his wound, but blecding hasn’t stopped, why?
Liver derangement and Vit K deficiency / Thrombocytopenia / Platelet dysfunction
Local; deu to high pressure in the artery and wall necrosis
Q9. Sequence of clotting?
Injury to blood vessels → platelets aggregation → platelet plug → activation of intrinsic pathway. And a common pathway will form the plug
Q10. Why are clotting factors not working properly?
-Liver derangement and affection of the clotting factors
by affecting the synthesis of Vit k which responsible for coagulation factors 10 9 7 2
- Low CD4 count and suppression of bone marrow (thrombocytopenia)
Q. What’s Pseudoaneurysm? Which layers blood will accumulate in?
pseudoaneurysm occurs when a blood vessel wall is injured. Blood leaking from the vessel collects in surrounding tissue.blood will be btw tunica media and adventitia
Q. clinical symptoms of cryoglobulinemia?
Increase blood viscosity (headache, blurring of vision and confusion) and decrease blood flow to tissue.
infarction and necrosis of tissues
arthralgia, glumeronephritis
Q what’s LN structure?
Q. Flow of lymphnode how is it going?
Cortex, medulla and sinuses and follicles
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Flow of Lymph; After entering the lymph node from afferent lymphatic vessels, lymph flows into subcapsular sinus, then into cortical sinuses, then collects in medullary sinuses. All of these sinuses drain into the efferent lymph vessels to exit the node at the hilum on the concave side.
