HIV genes and life cycle Flashcards
1
Q
Why learn the HIV lifecycle?
A
- drug development
- viral pathogenesis/fitness
- host restriction
- cure
2
Q
Classification of HIV
A
Family: Retroviridae
Genus: Lentivirus
3
Q
Characteristics of HIV
A
- enveloped
- ssRNA (+)
- replicate through a DNA intermediate using RT
4
Q
Types of HIV viral genes
A
- structural/enzymatic
- regulatory
- accessory/auxillary
5
Q
3 structural/ enzymatic genes
A
- Gag
- Pol
- Env
6
Q
Enzymes coded for by Pol
A
- protease
- integrase
- RT
7
Q
Components of env
A
- gp120 (subunit)
- gp41 (transmembrane)
8
Q
Regulatory genes
A
Tat
Rev
9
Q
Accessory/auxillary genes
A
Vif
Vpr
Vpu
Nef
10
Q
Role of Vif
A
- viral infectivity factor
- counteracts host restriction
11
Q
Role of Vprs
A
- nuclear import of pre-integration complexes
- cell growth arrest
- transactivation of cellular genes
- induction of cellular differentiation
12
Q
Role of Vpu
A
- integral membrane protein
- CD4 degradation
- virion release
13
Q
Role of Nef
A
- downregulates CD4 and MHC class 1
- enhances viral infectivity
14
Q
Stages of the HIV lifecycle
A
- attachment
- cell entry (uncoating)
- reverse transcription
- integration
- RNA transcription
- protein translation
- peptide cleavage
- assembly and budding
