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Pharm > HIV drugs > Flashcards

HIV drugs Flashcards

1
Q

NRTI drugs (names)

A 
Zidovudine (AZT)
Abacavir (ABC)
Didanosine (DDI)
Emtricitabine (FTC)
Stavudine (d4T)
Tenofovir (TDF)
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2
Q

NRTI drug MOA

A

analog of nucleoside in virus

inhib HIV reverse transcriptase –> not viral replication

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3
Q

NRTI drug indication

A

HIV tx

HIV prophylaxis

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4
Q

NRTI drug ADRs

A 
lipodystrophy (hypertrophy or atrophy)
hepatic steatosis (fatty liver)
lactic acidosis (rare)
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5
Q

Abacavir (ABC) ADRs

A

rash

maybe increased risk of MI

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6
Q

Abacavir (ABC) CI

A

HLA-B 5701 gene

screen before giving drug– if have it will prob get hypersensitivity rxn on 1st try

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7
Q

Stavudine (d4T) ADRs

A

lipodystrophy (very imp)
pancreatitis
peripheral neuropathy

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8
Q

Didanosine (DDI) ADRs

A 
neuropathy
GI intol
pancreatitis
possible increased MI
possible portal HTN
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9
Q

zidovudine (AZT) extra indication

A

given to moms to prevent mom-to-child transmission

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10
Q

zidovudine (AZT) ADRs

A

HA
GI intol
lipoatrophy
bone-marrow suppression

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11
Q

Tenofovir (TDF)

A

renal pros
decrease bone-mineral density (watch for broken bones)
HA
GI intol

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12
Q

NNRTI drug (names)

A

Efavirenz (EFV)
Nevirapine (NVP)
Rilpinavir (RPV)

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13
Q

NNRTI drug MOA

A

inhib HIV’s reverse transcriptase

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14
Q

NNRTI drug ADRs

A

hepatotoxicity
SJS
rash

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15
Q

Efavirenz (EFV) ADRs

A

teratogenic (caution with preg)
neuropsych
dyslipidemia
neural tube defects in newborns

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16
Q

Nevirapine (NVP) ADRs

A

dangerous/severe/life-threat hepatotoxicity

rash (very common)

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17
Q

Rilpinavir (RPV) ADRs

A

some neuropsych (depression) but pretty mild

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18
Q

Integrase inhibitors (II or INSTI) MOA

A

affect virus’ ability to get into the cell–>virus cant replicate

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19
Q

integrase inhibitor drug (names)

A

Dolutegravir (DTG)
Elvitegravir/cobistat (EVG/COBI)
Raltegravir (RAL)

20
Q

Dolutegravir (DTG) ADRs

A

HA
insomnia
rash/hypersensitivity rxn

21
Q

Elvitegravir/cobistat (EVG/COBI) ADRs

A

decreased kidney clearance
increased risk of TDF-related nephrotoxicity
N/D

22
Q

Raltegravir (RAL) ADRs

A

HA
N/V
CPK elevation, myopathy, rhabdomylosis
rash

23
Q

Protease Inhibitors (PI) (names)

A 
Atazanavir (ATV)
Fosamprenavir (FPV)
Darunavir (DRV)
Indinavir (IDV)
Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r)
Nelfinavir (NFV)
Saquinavir (SQV)
Tipranavir (TPV)
24
Q

Protease inhibitor MOA

A

not sure
outside of RNA/DNA
affect the end of the virus life-cycle

25
Q

protease inhibitor ADRs

A 
metabolic stuff:
hyperlipidemia
lipodystrophy
hepatotoxicity
GI intol
some increased bleeding (esp with hemophilia)
26
Q

Atazanavir (ATV) ADRs

A

hyperbilirubinemia
PR elong
nephrolithiasis, cholelithisis (stones)

27
Q

Fosamprenavir (FPV) ADRs

A

GI intol
rash
maybe increased MI

28
Q

Darunavir (DRV) ADRs

A

rash

liver toxicity

29
Q

Indinavir (IDV) ADRs

A

kidney stones
GI
metab effects (DM/insulin resistance)

30
Q

Lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) ADRs

A

GI intol
DM/insulin resistance
poss MI risk
PR and QT elongation

31
Q

Nelfinavir (NFV) ADRs

A

diarrhea

32
Q

Saquinivir (SQV) ADRs

A

GI intol

PR and QT prlongation

33
Q

Tipranavir (TPV) ADRs

A

GI intol
rash
hyperlipidemia
liver toxicity

34
Q

Tipranavir (TPV) CI

A

don’t use with hepatic insufficiency– can cause brain bleed

35
Q

Fusion inhibitor (names)

A

Enfuvirtide (ENF, T-20)

36
Q

Enfuvirtide (ENF) MOA

A

attach to cell wall– virus cell cant fuse with host cell

37
Q

Enfuvirtide ADRs

A

injection site rxn
hypersensitivity
increased risk of bact pneumo

38
Q

CCR5 antagonist (names)

A

Maraviroc

39
Q

Maraviroc MOA

A

binds virus cell prot– prevents virus from attaching to host cell

40
Q

Maraviroc ADRs

A 
rash
abd pn
URI/cough
hepatotoxicity
musculoskeletal probs
orthostasis (esp with renal dz)
lots of drug interactions
41
Q

HIV drug boosters (names)

A

ritonavir

cobicistat

42
Q

ritonavir ADRs

A

GI upset
hyperlipidemia
highBGL
hepatitis

43
Q

ritonavir caution

A

P450 3A4 inhib

44
Q

cobicistat ADRs

A

GI

decrease liver fnx

45
Q

cobicistat caution

A

P450 3A4 inhib

Pharm (11 decks)

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