HIV and AIDS Flashcards
Is HIV considered contagious or non-contagious?
- non-contagious
spread via: - blood
- semen
- pre-semen
- rectal fluids
- vaginal fluids
- breast milk
T/F: STI’s increase the risk of contracting HIV
True!
How common is co-diagnosis of HIV and AIDs?
20% of the initial diagnosis of HIV were co-diagnosed with AIDs and were positive for years before knowing they had HIV
How effective are condoms in preventing HIV?
70-80% but muse be used every time to be effective. Not sometimes
What is prEP prophylaxis for HIV?
- daily pill that is a combo of 2 HIV drugs (2 NRTI) used to treat HIV or long acting injectable every 2 months
- very effective in preventing HIV infection if taken correctly
Why must you be tested for HIV before treatment of prEP?
- treat a person who is not infected with just 1 class but must use 2 classes of drugs for a patient with HIV to avoid tolerance of drug in HIV patients
T/F: If ART is undetectable, then it is untransmissible
True!
- if viral load is below 200 copies of viral RNA, no transmission to partner
How does post-exposure prophylaxis work?
if had an ensure with HIV fluid:
- start cART ASAP. within 2 hours should be started but can be within 72 hours
- continue taking drug for 28 days
How common is transmission in pregnancy of HIV?
without tx: 25%
without tx and breast feeding: 40%
When is the window period for different tests?
- when people will most likely show up positive
rapid antibody tests: 3-12 weeks - 3 weeks is when most people will show up positive. 12 weeks is when almost 100% of people will show up positive if infected
- HIV is 3-12 so to be a true negative, must wait til 3 months to know
What are common infections that can happen with HIV in oral cavity?
- thrush/oral candidiasis
- kaposi’s sarcoma (aids defining cancer caused by HHV-8)
- oral herpes sores (HSV-1)
- oral warts (HPV)
- oral hairy leukoplakia (caused by Epstein Barr virus)
