HIV Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of AIDS?

A

CD4+ count of <200 or any AIDS defining condition

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2
Q

What cells does HIV infect?

A

CD4+
Dendritic cells
Monocytes

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3
Q

What is the average length of the acute HIV stage?

A

10 years

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4
Q

What is the most common type of HIV test?

A

HIV rapid antibody test

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5
Q

Who needs antiretroviral therapy?

A

All HIV+ patients

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6
Q

How often do you monitor CD4 counts and viral load?

A

3-6 months

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7
Q

When do we test for HIV after needle sticks?

A

Baseline, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months

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8
Q

What do we prescribe for PEP?

A

Tenofovir + emtricitabine (Truvada) and dolutegravir (Tivicay) or raltegravir (Isentress)

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9
Q

How many antiretrovirals should we use?

A

3 antiretrovirals from at least 2 classes
(HAART therapy)

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10
Q

What are the classes of antiretroviral therapy?

A

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Protease inhibitors
Entry inhibitors/fusion inhibitors
Integrase inhibitors

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11
Q

What should you watch out for with Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors?

A

Peripheral neuropathy

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12
Q

What should you watch out for with nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors?

A

Kidney failure

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13
Q

What should you watch out for with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors?

A

Nothing, they are tolerated well

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14
Q

What should you look out for with protease inhibitors?

A

Many interactions with P450s

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15
Q

Why should you use entry/fusion inhibitors?

A

For multidrug resistance

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16
Q

Why should you use integrase inhibitors?

A

Rapidly decreases viral load

17
Q

What is mucocutaneous candidiasis?

A

Pseudomembranous or erythematous plaques on tongue, complain of taste or dry mouth
Or Tinea cruris inguinal rash

18
Q

What is oral hairy leukoplakia?

A

Epstein-Barr virus causes white lateral tongue lesion

19
Q

What is the presentation of herpes?

A

Small grouped vesicular rash on penile shaft, labia, perianal skin, or buttocks

20
Q

What is herpes zoster

A

Painful vesicular rash along dermatome

21
Q

What is molluscum contagiousum?

A

Pox virus causing umbilicated flushy papules

22
Q

What is pneumocystis jiroveci?

A

Most common opportunistic AIDS infection that causes diffuse or perihilar infiltrate PNA

23
Q

What is esophageal candidiasis?

A

The most common aids defining condition caused by c albicans

24
Q

What is kaposi sarcoma?

A

Aids defining condition causing purple non blanching lesions

25
What is mycobacterium avium?
Disseminated infection of persistent fever and weight loss
26
What is cryptococcal meningitis?
Inhaled fungus that causes pulmonary nodules and infiltrates. Will spread to CNS.
27
What is cytomegalovirus retinitis?
Most common retinal infection in AIDS causing retinal perivascular hemorrhages and white fluffy exudates
28
What is toxoplasmosis?
Space occupying parasitic lesion in HIV brains