Gram - organism

Question 1

What populations are acinetobactor infections common?

Answer 1

Opportunistic infections so hospitalized, critical, immunocompromised

Question 2

What does acinetobactor cause?

Answer 2

Variety of systemic infections
Commonly respiratory, esp tracheostomy tubes

Question 3

How long does acinetobacter survive on surfaces?

Answer 3

Up to one month

Question 4

What does Moraxella Catarrhalis cause?

Answer 4

Otitis Media
Sinusitis
COPD exacerbations

Question 5

How many people are carriers of neisseria meningitidis?

Answer 5

40% of adults

Question 6

Where are neisseria meningitidis outbreaks most common?

Answer 6

Military camps
College dorms
Daycares

Question 7

When are neisseria meningitidis outbreaks most common?

Answer 7

Spring and winter

Question 8

What is the treatment for Neisseria Meningitidis?

Answer 8

Rocephin (emperic)
PCN G (only if meningococcal)
Continue ABx for 5 days post fever

Question 9

What does Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cause?

Answer 9

Gonorrhea, STI
also conjunctivitis in newborns
Yellow green discharge
Friable cervix

Question 10

What do we use to treat Neisseria Gohorrhoeae?

Answer 10

Rocephin

Question 11

What does the gram stain of N Gonorrhoeae look like?

Answer 11

Gram negative intracellular diplococci

Question 12

What is the most common type of pseudomonas?

Answer 12

Aeruginosa

Question 13

Where is pseudomonas found?

Answer 13

Water and soil

Question 14

What does pseudomonas cause in healthy individuals?

Answer 14

Otitis externa
Corneal ulcers
UTI
Dermatitis
Osteochondritis after puncture through tennis shoe
Hot tub folliculitis

Question 15

What does pseudomonas cause in immunocompromised patients

Answer 15

UTI
PNA - ICU related
Bacteremia
Sepsis

Question 16

What is the outpatient treatment for pseudomonas?

Answer 16

Cipro or levofloxacin
(Tobramycin for inhaled for CF)

Question 17

What is the inpatient treatment for pseudomonas?

Answer 17

pip/taz (Zosyn)
ceftazidime
cefepime (Maxipime)
meropenem
aztreonam

Question 18

What does bordetella pertussis cause?

Answer 18

Whooping cough

Question 19

What are the stages of whooping cough?

Answer 19

Catarrhal (insidious onset sneezing and cough)
Paroxysmal (coughing fits with whooping gasps for air)
Convalescent (sx improve but lingering cough)

Question 20

What is the treatment for whooping cough?

Answer 20

Azithromycin
(2nd line is Bactrim)

Question 21

What does H influenza cause?

Answer 21

Sinusitis
Otitis media
Bronchitis
Epiglottitis
Pneumonia
Meningitis
Endocarditis

Question 22

What does Legionella pneumophilia cause?

Answer 22

Legionnaires Disease Pneumonia

Question 23

What populations is Legionnaries more common in?

Answer 23

Immunocompromised, smokers, chronic lung disease

Question 24

What are common sources of Legionnaires disease?

Answer 24

CPAP machines, air conditioners, shower heads

Question 25

What does the chest x-ray of Legionnaires PNA show?

Answer 25

focal patchy infiltrations or consolidation

Question 26

What is the treatment for Legionnaires disease?

Answer 26

Macrolide (azithromycin or clarithromycin) Fluroquinolone (levofloxacin)

Question 27

What does klebsiella pneumonia cause?

Answer 27

PNA in immunocompromised (alcoholics aspirating, diabetics, and HIV) UTIs

Question 28

What color sputum is associated with klebsiella PNA?

Answer 28

Red currant jelly

Question 29

What is the treatment for klebsiella PNA?

Answer 29

Respiratory fluroquinolone (levo, moxi) Carbapenem

Question 30

What is travellers diarrhea caused by?

Answer 30

E coli

Question 31

What is the treatment for travellers diarrhea?

Answer 31

Antimoltility/antidiarrheals Pepto-Bismol Cipro if severe

Question 32

What does campylobacter jejuni cause?

Answer 32

Inflammatory diarrhea

Question 33

What is the treatment for campylobacter jejuni?

Answer 33

Cipro Azithromycin (not emperic)

Question 34

What does shigellosis cause?

Answer 34

Inflammatory diarrhea

Question 35

What is the treatment for shigellosis?

Answer 35

Cipro Bactrim

Question 36

What does vibrio cholerae cause?

Answer 36

Cholera

Question 37

What is cholera?

Answer 37

Non-inflammatory rice water stool

Question 38

What is the treatment for cholera?

Answer 38

Tetracycline (doxycycline) Bactrim azithromycin Cipro

Question 39

What does cholera require?

Answer 39

susceptibility

Question 40

What are non-cholerae vibrio infections?

Answer 40

Enteric illness Cellulitis

Question 41

What is the treatment for non-cholerae vibrio infections?

Answer 41

Doxy Cipro

Question 42

What does salmonella cause?

Answer 42

Typhoid fever, enterocolitis

Question 43

What does salmonella stool look like?

Answer 43

Bloody pea soup diarrhea

Question 44

What does the salmonella rash look like?

Answer 44

Rose spots

Question 45

What is the treatment for salmonella?

Answer 45

Cipro/Levo Rocephin Azithromycin (also Bactrim for enterocolitis)

Question 46

What is the treatment for UTI?

Answer 46

Bactrim Macrobid Fosfomycin Keflex Cipro (reserve if possible)

Question 47

What is the treatment for pyelonephritis?

Answer 47

Cipro Levo Keflex and Bactrim/Augmentin/Omnicef

Question 48

What does Yersinia pestis cause?

Answer 48

Black Plague

Question 49

What is the treatment for Bubonic Plague?

Answer 49

Streptomycin Gentamicin Doxycycline Fluoroquinolone

Question 50

What is the preventative treatment for Bubonic Plague?

Answer 50

Doxycycline and Cipro

Question 51

What does francisella tularensis cause?

Answer 51

Tularemia