Anaerobic Bacteria Flashcards
What are the gram + anaerobes?
Actinomyces
Clostridia
Peptostreptococcus
Propionibacterium
What are the gram - anaerobes?
Bacteriodes
Fusobacterium
Prevotella
Porphyromonas
Where are anaerobic infections typically?
Mouth/neck/jaw (Dental Roots)
Abd/Pelvis (GI)
Lungs (aspiration)
What would we see on a chest x-ray that suggests gram + anaerobes?
Infiltrates with or without cavitation
Lucency within infiltrates suggesting necrotizing tissue
Air fluid levels within circumscribed infiltrate suggesting lung abscesses
What would we see on a abd CT that suggests gram + anaerobes?
Intra abdominal abscess
What is the treatment for gram + anaerobes in the neck?
Clindamycin
Augmentin
Unasyn
What is the treatment for gram + anaerobes in the abdomen/pelvis?
Oral: Moxifloxacin
IV: Ertapenem
Rocephin + Flagyl
Severe: imipenem
What is the treatment for a lung abscess?
Unasyn
Imipenem/meropenem
Clindamycin
What is the treatment for aspiration pneumonia?
Unasyn
Flagyl plus Amoxicillin or PCN G
What should you use for dental procedure prophylaxis?
PCN or amoxicillin
What should you use for colorectal surgery prophylaxis?
Flagyl + 2/3 cephalosporin or Cipro
Carbapenem (ertapenem, imipenem etc)
What are most clostridium skin infections caused by?
C. perfringens
What is classic of a c perfringens infection?
Gas gangrene
What is the treatment for a c. perfringens infection?
Pip/taz plus clindamycin (covers strep and clostridium)
if only clostridium can change to PCN and clindamycin
What does clostridium perfringens cause?
Skin and GI infections
(GI are self limiting)
What does clostridium tetani cause?
Tetanus
What is the treatment for tetanus?
Tetanus immune globulin
Tetanus Vaccine
PCN or Flagyl
What does clostridium botulinum cause?
Botulism
What is the treatment for botulism?
Antitoxin
Wound botulism can use PCN G or Flagyl
What is another name for c diff?
Pseudomembranous colitis
You can see pseudomembranes on sigmoidoscopy
What is the treatment for c diff?
Mild: fidaxomicin (Dificid) or vancomycin
(Flagyl too for cheaper option)
Gram negative anaerobes do not usually cause what?
Shock in the setting of bacteremia
What is the treatment for BV?
Flagyl
Clindamycin
Tinidazole
