HIV Flashcards
What is HIV
Human immunodeficiency Virus-retro virus
transmission through blood and body fluids (semen, vaginal)
What lab tests are used for HIV?
CBC and diff-Abnormal (anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia)
Platelet count: Decreased less than 150,000/mm
Diagnostics for HIV
Positive HIV antibody screening test
Home testing
noninvasive-mucosal or urine
clients w-positive result from confirmatory test
What is an HIV RNA quantification (HIV viral load test)
Determines: beginning treatment viral load
repeated at intervals to monitor disease progression
HIV drug resistance testing (HIV genotype, HIV tropism)
useful with CD4 ct. falls during therapy
How do you prep for testing
understand testing length of time etc.
+Western blot test HIV
exposed to and has AIDS in body
DOES NOT mean they have clinical aids
What do you watch for with HIV AID’s patients?
Risk factors
Fluid intake
weight nutritional intake
electrolytes
skin integrity
pain status
vital signs
lung sound
neuro
admin supplement
provide analgesia meds
provide skin care
What is antiretroviral therapy?
combo antiretroviral meds to reduce medication resistance, adverse effects and dosage
Enfuvirtide
fusion inhibitor
blocks fusion HIV with host cell
Entry inhibitors: Maraviroc
blocks CCR5 receptor at CD4 T cell
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: zidovudine
Interferes with RNA and DNA
Non-nulceoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors: delavirdine and efavirenz
inhibit viral replication in cells
protease inhibitors: atazanavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir, indinavir
inhibit an enzyme needed for virus to replicate
integrase inhibitors: ralregravir and dolutegravir
inhibit viral replication -stop HIV enzyme integrate from in inserting into host cell DNA
