HIV

Question 1

Surface protein that functions by binding to CD4 receptor?

Answer 1

gp120

Coded by env gene

Question 2

Transmembrane protein that also functions for fusion of viral envelope with the host cell?

Answer 2

gp41

Also coded by env gene

Question 3

Matrix protein that directs entry of virus into host nucleus?

Answer 3

p17

Coded by gag gene

Question 4

Core protein that contains major capsid protein (p7)? Serve as important serologic markers of infection

Answer 4

p24

Coded by gag gene

Question 5

Most immunogenic region of gp120?

Answer 5

V3 loop

Question 6

Regulatory gene that activates transcription of viral genes?

Answer 6

tat

Transcription AcTivator

Question 7

Regulatory gene that decreases CD4 and MHC class I proteins?

Answer 7

nef

Question 8

Regulatory gene that binds to env gene to decrease splicing and enhance production of virions?

Answer 8

rev

“revs up”

Question 9

Number one (what cells) target of HIV?

Answer 9

CD4+ T-helper cells

Question 10

AIDS defining illnesses at CD4<500

Answer 10

CHHM
Candida - esophagitis
HHV 8 - Kaposi's sarcoma
HSV - esophagitis
M. tb - disseminated TB

Question 11

AIDS defining illnesses at CD4<200

Answer 11

CCTP
Crytococcus - meningoenceph
Coccidioides - coccidioidomycoses
Toxoplasma - cerebral toxo
PCP

Question 12

AIDS defining illnesses at CD4<50

Answer 12

MAC
Histoplasmosis
CMV retinitis

Question 13

Screening for HIV?

Answer 13

ELISA

Question 14

Confirmatory / definitive diagnosis for HIV?

Answer 14

Western blot

Question 15

Most sensitive and specific of all HIV diagnostic tests?

Answer 15

PCR

Question 16

What determines HIV prognosis?

Answer 16

Viral load

Not the CD4 levels

Question 17

Treatment of HIV?

Answer 17

HAART

Highly active antiretroviral therapy

Question 18

Components of HAART?

Answer 18

Nucleoside inhibitor
1. Zidovudine 2. Lamivudine
Protease inhibitor
3. Indinavir

Question 19

Treatment for opportunistic infection: PCP?

Answer 19

TMP SMX

May be given as prophylaxis once CD4 counts go below 250

Question 20

Treatment for opportunistic infection: Toxoplasmosis?

Answer 20

Pyrimethamine (THFR inhibitor) + Sulfadiazine (sulfa)

May also use TMP SMX

Question 21

Treatment for opportunistic infection: CMV retinitis?

Answer 21

Ganciclovir

Foscarnet

Question 22

Treatment for opportunistic infection: Herpes, varicella?

Answer 22

Acyclovir

Question 23

Treatment for opportunistic infection: Candida?

Answer 23

Swish and spit nystatin
Oral clotrimazole and fluconazole
Amphotericin B if systemic infection