History Time Line 13: Endgame: Europe 1918 Flashcards
Which Treaty ends the war on the Eastern Front? When?
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk on March 3, 1918. From Britannica: the Soviet government accepted a treaty by which Russia lost Ukraine, its Polish and Baltic territories, and Finland. (Ukraine was recovered in 1919, during the Russian Civil War.) The treaty was ratified by the Congress of Soviets on March 15. Both the Ukrainian and Russian treaties were annulled by the Armistice on Nov. 11, 1918, which marked the Allied defeat of Germany.
After the collapse of the Eastern Front, when was the Germans offensive on the Western Front?
March-July 1918.
When was it revealed that Austria-Hungary sought a separate peace? What was it called?
April, 1918. The “Sixtus Affair”. (context from Wikipedia: a failed attempt by Emperor Charles I of Austria to conclude a negotiated peace with the allies in World War I. The affair was named after his brother-in-law and intermediary, Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma. In 1917 the war was dragging on towards its fourth year, and Charles decided to secretly enter into peace negotiations with France.)
When was the second battle of the Marne? What was the result?
July-August 1918. Allied victory.
When did the Germans regain air superiority? With what airplane?
Summer 1918. Fokker D7.
When was the Battle of Amiens? What was it also called? What was the result? What tactic was used?
August 8-11, 1918. It was also known as the Third Battle of Picardy. The allies gained a decisive break-through using a combined-arms attack.
The Battle of Amiens was part of what? When? With what result?
The Hundred Days Offensive, from August-November 1918, which ultimately led to the end of World War I.
What knocked Bulgaria out of the war? When?
An Allied offensive in September 1918.
When was Serbia liberated? By whom?
October-November, 1918, by a Franco-Serbian offensive.
When was the Battle of Vittorio Veneto fought? Who fought? Who won?
From 24 October to 3 November 1918 (with an armistice taking effect 24 hours later). The Italians defeated the Austrians, effectively knocking them out of the war, as they signed an armistice on 3 November 1918.
What happened to Kaiser William II?
He abdicated on November 9, 1918.
When did Germany sign an armistice?
November 11, 1918.
