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POD EXAM 1 > HISTORY/PHYSICAL > Flashcards

HISTORY/PHYSICAL Flashcards

1
Q

<p>Pulses measurements</p>

A

<p>0/4: absent 1/4: weakly palpated 2/4: normal 3/4: bounding 4/4: strongest, associated w/ thrill or bruit</p>

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2
Q

<p>bounding pulses </p>

A

<p>-assocated w/ wide pulse pressure (over 60mmHg difference)

- FACTS (causes)
- FEVER
- AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY
- COMPLETE HEART BLOCK
- THYROTOXIOSIS
- SYSTOLIC HYPERTENSION </p>

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3
Q

<p>which pulses should be reported?</p>

A

<p>ALWAYS dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial

| -also do: peroneal, popliteal, femoral </p>

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4
Q

<p>edema pitting vs non, how to perform exam?</p>

A

<p>-non pitting (protein rich exudate)
-pitting (protein poor)
-press down on leg for at least 5 seconds on an area of MAX swelling (pitting if over 5 seconds)
</p>

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5
Q

<p>scale of pitting edema </p>

A

<p>1+: indentation 2mm
2+: indentation 4mm
3+: indentation 6mm
4+: indentation 8mm </p>

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6
Q

a lesion less than 0.5cm, filled w/ pus is called?

A

-pustule

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7
Q

hip Joint motion values

A

Hip:45 internal/external/ABduction

    - 20 ADDuction
    - 120 flexion 
    - 0-15 hyperextension
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8
Q

Knee joint motion values

A
  • 130 flexion

- 15 hyperextension

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9
Q

Ankle joint motion values

A
  • 10 dorsiflexion w/ knee extended/ flexed

- 50 plantarflexion

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10
Q

STJ joint motion values

A
  • 20 inversion

- 10 eversion

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11
Q

1st MPJ joint motion values

A
  • 60 dorsiflexion

- 5-10 plantarflexion

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12
Q

1st ray joint motion

A

10mm total ROM

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13
Q

Muscle strength values

A

-5/5 normal
4/5: movement against resistance, but less than normal
3/5: movement against gravity but not resistance
2/5: movement at the joint but not against gravity
1/5: visible movement but not at the joint
0/5: no muscle movement

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14
Q

what is seen w/ early strength loss?

A
  • extensor digitorum first to go

- dec of ankle dorsi and plantarflexion

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15
Q

what are the corticospinal/ pyramidal tract in charge of?

A
  • voluntary movement

- fine, discrete, conscious movement

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16
Q

what is the extrapyramidal tract in charge of?

A
  • maintains muscle tone
  • controls body movements (large)
  • issue w/ this tract for parkinson’s
17
Q

Cerebellar system, what is it in charge of?

A
  • receives sensory/ motor input
  • coordinates muscular activity
  • maintains equilibrium/ controls posture
18
Q

after entry to the dorsal spinal cord, what tracts does the sensory cord proceed along?

A
  • posterior column

- lateral spinothalamic tract

19
Q

Lateral spinothalatmic tract

A
  • small fiber tract due to composition of C and A delta fibers
  • sharp/dull pain
  • temp
  • crude touch
  • burning/ cramping
  • crude touch
20
Q

posterior colum

A
  • large fivers cause A alpha fibers
  • position
  • vibration
  • fine touch
  • pins and needles/ electric shock sensation
21
Q

which tests are for lateral spinothalamic?

A

SWM
sharp/dull
temperature

22
Q

SWM

A

-Semmes Weinstein Monofilament
-measure of low threshold mechanoreception
-apply monofilament to
1/3/5 met heads
1/3/5 toes
Plantar arch/heel
5 met base
dorsal midfoot
-more than 3 areas missed= neurotrophic ulceration

23
Q

tests for posterior column

A

-vibration/ position sense/ 2 point discrimination tests

24
Q

Deep reflexes

A
  • may need to use Jendressic technique
  • knee: L 2,3,4
  • ANkle: S 1,2
25
Q

Jendressic

A

-involves isometric contraction of muscles, incrase reflex activity (pull fngers and pull one hand against the other)

26
Q

Deeo reflexes scale

A 
4/4: brisk, hyperactive, clonus (UMN) 
3/4: brisker than average
2/4: normal 
1/4:diminished 
0/4: no response LMN, peripheral neuropathy
27
Q

Babinski response indicates?

A
  • dorsiflexion= abnormal exam

- UMN

28
Q

Peripheral neuropathy vs spinal lesion (regarding tip toes)

A
  • stand on tiptoes but not heels= peripheral

- stand on heels but not tiptoes- spinal lesion

29
Q

Apgar score

A 
-tesets for birth crap 
APPERANCE 
PULSE
GRIMACE
ACTIVITY
RESPIRATIONS 
-2 points/category, need a score of 7 or more for normal
30
Q

developmental landmarks

A 
head lift-3mo
control head-6mo
crawl=6mo
stand-9mo
walk-14mo
stairs w/ hand support-18mo
run-2years
tricycle-3 years
hop on 1 foot-4years
heel-toe walk-5 years
skip on 1 foot-6years

POD EXAM 1 (9 decks)

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