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Psychology > History of Psychology > Flashcards

History of Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Abnormal behavior can be explained by the operation of supernatural and magical forces such as evil spirits or the devil

A

The Ancient Theory

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2
Q

removing the evil that resides in the individual through counter magic and prayer.

A

Exorcism

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3
Q

a major practice of driving away the evil spirit that resides in the body

A

Flogging

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4
Q

depriving a person from food and drinks.

A

Starving

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5
Q

Ancient practices

A 
Exorcism
Flogging
Starving
Iron Chair
Cabinet Method
Trephination
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6
Q

medium through which spirits communicate with human beings.

A

Shaman/ Medicine Man

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7
Q

a procedure where abnormal behavior is treated by means of forming a hole on the skull.

A

Trephination

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8
Q

urged us to know ourselves.

A

Socrates

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9
Q

encouraged us to use logic to make inferences about the mind as well as to observe behavior systematically

A

Aristotle

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10
Q

anti-intellectualism and belief in magic and witchcraft increased.

A

Late Middle Ages

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11
Q

formulates first theory of personality based on constitutional types

A

Hippocrates

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12
Q

Plato foresees value of differential psychology in The Republic.

A

Plato

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13
Q

Soul is composed of 3 types

A 
Exerts reason (in the head)
Noble impulses (in the heart)
Seat of our own passions (in the diaphragm)
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14
Q

proposes three laws to account for association of ideas.

A

Aristotle

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15
Q

3 Functions of the soul:

A

Vegetative –concerned with basic maintenance of life
Appetitive –concerned with motives and desires
Rational –the governing function located in the heart.

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16
Q

declares that the mind is at birth a “tabula rasa” –a blank slate.

A

John Locke

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17
Q

argued that people acquire knowledge from the information about the objects in the world that our senses bring. People begin with simple ideas and then combine them into more complex ones.

A

John Locke

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18
Q

the study of how ideas are form and connected

A

Associationism

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19
Q

established Associationism

A

David Hartley

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20
Q

Ideas originated in experience, entering the mind through the senses and undergoing certain associative operations.

A

Associationism

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21
Q

Father of Modern Psychiatry

A

Philippe Pinel

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22
Q

removes chains from mental patients in France

A

Philippe Pinel

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23
Q

central theme to Philippe Pinel’s etiology (causation)

A

“moral,” meaning the emotional or the psychological not ethical.

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24
Q

begins campaign to improve conditions in mental hospitals in United States and Europe

A

Dorothea Dix

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25
Q

locates specific area of speech in the brain. He discovered that people who suffer damage to a specific part of the brain’s left hemisphere lose the ability to produce fluent speech. This area of the brain became known as the Broca’s area.

A

Pierre Paul Broca

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26
Q

published Hereditary Genius

A

Francis Galton

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27
Q

reported that people with damage to a different area of the left hemisphere lose their ability to comprehend speech. This region became known as Wernicke’s area.

A

Carl Wernicke

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28
Q

emphasizes continuity of mind between animals and men.

A

Charles Darwin

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29
Q

first book of psychology

A

Principles of Physiological Psychology

-Wilhelm Wundt

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30
Q

First Ph.D. in psychology in the United States awarded to

A

Granville Stanley Hall

31
Q

When did Granville Stanley Hall receive his Ph.D

32
Q

Father of Scientific Psychology

The World’s first Psychologist

A

Wilhelm Wundt

33
Q

theory of emotion

A

William James

34
Q

According to this theory, witnessing an external stimulus leads to a physiological reaction. Your emotional reaction depends upon how you interpret those physical reactions.

A

theory of emotion

35
Q

Concerned of how the nervous system controls the activity of the other bodily organs and behavior.

A

Principles of Psychology

36
Q

establishes “Structuralism” as part of psychology in the United States.

A

Edward Bradford Titchener

37
Q

concerned with the generalized mind, not with individual minds

A

Structuralism

38
Q

When was the American Psychological Association (APA) was founded by Granville Stanley Hall.

39
Q

becomes the first woman to receive a Ph.D in psychology

A

Margaret Washburn

40
Q

Law of Effect

A

Edward Lee Thorndike

41
Q

performs some of the first experiments to discover principles of learning in animals

A

Edward Lee Thorndike

42
Q

behaviors are more likely to be repeated if they lead to satisfying consequences and less likely to be repeated if they lead to unsatisfying consequences.

A

Law of Effect

43
Q

Interpretation of Dreams

A

Sigmund Freud

44
Q

classical conditioning

A

Ivan Pavlov

45
Q

originates in Max Wertheimer’s paper on Phi Phenomenon (apparent motion)

A

Gestalt Psychology

46
Q

Perceptions of the mind

A

Gestalt Psychology

47
Q

Behaviorist

A

John B. Watson

48
Q

founds school of analytical psychology after differences develop between him and Freud

A

Carl Gustav Jung

49
Q

collective unconscious

A

Carl Gustav Jung

50
Q

First group of tests in intelligence–the Alpha and Beta paper and pencil test are devised by

A

Robert Yerkes (President of APA that time)

51
Q

devises techniques for assessing personality through use of unstructured materials

A

Herman Rorshach

52
Q

published “The Moral Judgment of Children”

A

Jean Piaget

53
Q

Operant conditioning

A

Burrhus Frederic Skinner

54
Q

a form of learning described by many behaviourists in which a response increases in frequency as a result of its being followed by reinforcement.

A

Operant Conditioning

55
Q

client-centered therapy

A

Carl Rogers

56
Q

that respect and a non-judgmental approach to therapy is the foundation for effective treatment of mental health issues.

A

client-centered therapy

57
Q

feminism

A

Karen Horney

58
Q

publishes “Childhood and Society”, a psychoanalytic revision of Freud’s views.

A

Erik Erickson

59
Q

presents the humanistic view, emphasizing the positive potential of the individual.

A

Abraham Maslow

60
Q

An innate tendency toward growth that motivates all human behavior & results in the full realization of a person’s higher potential.

A

Self-actualization

61
Q

theory of motivation

A

Abraham Maslow

62
Q

humanistic approach, importance of self-concept

A

Carl Rogers

63
Q

publishes “On Becoming a Person”

A

Carl Rogers

64
Q

social learning theory; self-efficiency/ self-efficacy

A

Albert Bandura

65
Q

date DSMII was published

66
Q

date DSMIII was published

67
Q

theory of multiple intelligence

A

Howard Gardner

68
Q

Behaviorists

A 
John B. Watson
Ivan Pavlov
Burrer Fredric Skinner
Edward Lee Thorndike
Albert Bandura
Sidney Bijou
69
Q

behavioral therapy, in which positive actions were rewarded and negative behaviors were largely ignored, rather than punished.

A

Sidney Bijou

70
Q

humanists

A

Carl Jung, Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers

71
Q

collective unconscious

A

animus, anima, shadow, self

72
Q

developer of Binet Intelligence Test

A

Alfred Binet

73
Q

revised Binet Intelligence Test to Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test

A

Lewis Terman

Psychology (8 decks)

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