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Pharmacology > History of pharmacology > Flashcards

History of pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Coined the term psychopharmacology

A

Macht and Mora

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2
Q

Reported on antipsychotic properties of the plant Rauwolfia serpentine

A

Sen and Bose

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3
Q

Discovered the use of lithium in mania

A

Cade

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4
Q

Showed the antipsychotic effects of chlorpromazine (previously used presurgically)

A

Delay and Deniker

Charpentier (two teams discovered independently)

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5
Q

First antidepressant to be discovered

A

Iproniazid

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6
Q

Reason iproniazid was discontinued

A

Hypertensive reactions

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7
Q

First synthesised chlorpromazine

A

Charpentier

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8
Q

Reintroduced clozapine

A

Kane

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9
Q

Developed the first SSRI zimelidine

A

Carlsson

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10
Q

First discovered the ‘cheese effect’ in MAOIs

A

Blackwell

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11
Q

Second antidepressant to market

A

Imipramine

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12
Q

Discovered the antidepressant use for imipramine

A

Kuhn

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13
Q

First to use ECT

A

Cerletti and Bini

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14
Q

Coined the term ‘antidepressant’

A

Lurie

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15
Q

First to use insulin shock therapy

A

Sakel

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16
Q

First to use frontal lobotomy for psychosis

A

Moniz

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17
Q

First to use metrazol shock therapy

A

Meduna

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18
Q

First SSRI to be developed

A

Zimeldine

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19
Q

Drug clozapine was synthesised from

A

Imipramine

20
Q

Synthesised haloperidol and risperidone

A

Janssen

21
Q

Year the first true antidepressant was discovered

A

1952

22
Q

Year in which use of lithium in mania was discovered

A

1949

23
Q

Years in which antipsychotic effects of chlorpromazine were discovered

A

1950-1952

24
Q

Discovered the first benzodiazepine

A

Sternbach

25
Q

First benzodiazepine to be discovered

A

Chlordiazepoxide

26
Q

Year fluoxetine was marketed

A

1987

27
Q

Coined the term ‘neuroleptic’

A

Delay

28
Q

Study in 1988 which led to the widespread use of clozapine

A

Clozaril Collaborative Study Group Study #30

29
Q

Results of the Clozaril Collaborative Study Group Study #30 in 1988 among patients with treatment resistant psychosis

A

30% of clozapine patients responded

4% of controls responded

30
Q

Two large scale trials comparing first generation and second generation antipsychotics

A

CATIE

CUtLASS

31
Q

Findings of the CATIE and CUtLASS studies

A

Second generation antipsychotics do not markedly differ from first generation antipsychotics in compliance, quality of life or effectiveness

32
Q

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among patients on antipsychotic in the CATIE trial

A

41%

33
Q

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women on antipsychotics in the CATIE trial

A

52%

34
Q

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome among men on antipsychotics in the CATIE trial

A

36%

35
Q

Typical antipsychotic used in the CATIE trial

A

Perphenazine

36
Q

Four atypical antipsychotics used in the CATIE trial

A

Olanzapine
Quetiapine
Risperidone
Ziprasidone

37
Q

Year clozapine was first synthesised

A

1958

38
Q

Reason clozapine was removed from market initially

A

Deaths from agranulocytosis

39
Q

Type of antidepressant iproniazid was

A

Monoamine oxidise inhibitor

40
Q

Type of antidepressant imipramine was

A

Tricyclic antidepressant

41
Q

Reasons zimeldine was removed from market

A

Hypersensitivity reactions

Guillain-Barré syndrome

42
Q

First scientist to quantify the placebo effect

A

Beecher

43
Q

Associated with the use of valproate in mania

A

Bowden

44
Q

Historically known as major tranquillisers

A

Antipsychotics

45
Q

Historically known as minor tranquillisers

A

Benzodiazepines, barbiturates

Pharmacology (34 decks)

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