History of OT Flashcards
Hull House
became the largest settlement house in US, community of university women who provided social and educational opportunities for working class people
Women of Hull House
active in social reform on the local, state, and national levels re: child labor, education, women’s suffrage, immigration policies, worker’s compensation, occupational safety, and other significant social issues
1900-1920
Increase in awareness of abilities of persons with disabilities
April 1917
US officially were in WWI
March 15, 1917
Formal “birth” of the profession of Occupational Therapy
May 1917
military initiated a reconstruction program
Reconstruction program 1917
rehab soldiers to return to either active military duty or to be employed in a civilian job
shell shock
nightmares, trembles, hearing and vision problem. didn’t know how else to diagnose them so they called it shel shock
supply-demand
needed more OT’s to be trained to help soldiers, so more schools/programs needed to be made to train them
requirements were
high school diploma and some arts, social work, or teaching training
pros of supply-demand for ot
meeting the demand and expanding the field of OT
cons o supply-demand for ot
developing program to quick and concerned with the proficiency of the practitioners
6 founds of profession
William rush Dunton Eleanor Clark Slagle George Edwards Barton Susan Cox Johnson Thomas Kidner Isabel Newton
William Rush Dunton asked Eleanor Clark Slagle to
direct a new occupational therapy department at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Maryland
September 1917
first official meeting
November 1918
war ended, people went back to previous roles so less OT’s and programs closed down
Frank Krusen
merged ot and pt, he produced graduates that could be dually credited it both
1921
NOPOT to AOTA
AOTA standards
couldn’t force programs to close but only endorsed certain schools
1920’s ish
produced first journal, AJOT
1945
AOTA required a person must take an exam
Karl and Berta Bobath
neurodevelopmental treatment, techniques on how to are for a person with neurological conditions, CP for example
Ruth Robinson
said that just because they did the fast programs for war, doesn’t mean they are profiecient. made them take the test
Margaret Rood
OT and PT who is known for theories on motor control and stressed importance of reflexes on early development
Mary Reilly
cared about importance of occupational skills beginning in children with play
A. Jean Ayres
sensory integration and praxis test
Gail Fidler
occupation as mean for emotional expression, build esteem, studies interpersonal theory and ego development
Ann Mosey
developed the object relations/psychodynamic frame of reference. and understanding of activities and group therapy
Lorna Jean King
Applied sensory integrative theories to persons with schizophrenia
Claudia Allen
Developed theories of cognition to guide therapy for persons with chronic mental illness (dementia)
Elizabeth Yerxa
emphasized that OT is a medical field and theory based profession
shifted from arts and crafts to
more medical and scientific approach
increase of therapists working in medical and rehab services lead to
shortage in psychiatric settings, which lead to OTA
OTA
1956
each legislation that passes
increases demand for OT services
1986
separated membership of AOTA and board exams though NBCOT
Florence Clark
occupational science- we are occupational beings. realized people can stay home and receive therapy
Gary Kielhofner
MOHO, treat people like humans (time of AIDS)
Carolyn Baum
Initiated strategic planning to develop Centennial Vision
Ann Wilcock
emphasize the idea of OT as a key contribution to population health
Elizabeth Townsend
Worked with Wilcock to develop and advance the concept of occupational justice
