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GCSE- History > History of Medicine More detailed > Flashcards

History of Medicine More detailed Flashcards

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1
Q

Prehistoric Medicine- 3000 BC

3 things

A
  1. Very spiritual
  2. Trepanning
  3. The medicine man
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2
Q

Hippocrates- 400 BC

4 things

A
  1. Hippocratic Oath- Medical ethics
  2. Hippocratic Corpus- A collection of books
  3. Diagnosis and observation
  4. Illness- imbalance of elements
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3
Q

Greek Medicine- 1500-300 BC

6 things

A
  1. Spiritual- Asclepius and the Asclepions.
  2. Aristotle- The Four Humours
  3. Hippocrates
  4. Tried to explain things rationally
  5. A Regimen for Health
  6. Surgery was the last resort
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4
Q

Egyptian Medicine-2000 BC

5 things

A
  1. The Channel Theory
  2. Spiritual- life controlled by Gods
  3. Very clean
  4. Mummification- some knowledge of anatomy
  5. Observed their patients.
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5
Q

Roman Medicine- 400 BC-500 AD

5 things

A
  1. Very good Public Health
  2. Healthy army
  3. Galen
  4. More advanced surgery
  5. Believed in the 4 humours and observation
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6
Q

Galen- 162 AD

4 things

A
  1. Four Humours
  2. Believed in ethics and Observation
  3. Dissected animals – good anatomical knowledge
  4. Made a lot of mistakes
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7
Q

High Middle Ages- 1066-1453

5 things

A
  1. Some medical knowledge was brought back
  2. Astrology and urine samples
  3. Four Humours
  4. Awful public health
  5. Superstitious
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8
Q

Dark Ages- 476-1066 AD

6 things

A
  1. Barbarians invaded- Saxons
  2. Most Roman medical knowledge was lost
  3. Bad public health
  4. Superstition and Magic
  5. Dominated by Roman catholic church
  6. Believed what they were told
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9
Q

Renaissance Medicine- 1450-1750

4 things

A
  1. Printing press
  2. Thinking for yourself and asking questions
  3. The great plague
  4. Bad public health
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10
Q

Vesalius- 1540s

2 things

A
  1. Wrote anatomy books based on his own dissections

2. Pointed out Galen’s mistakes

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11
Q

Harvey- 1620s

1 thing

A
  1. Discovered how the circulatory system worked
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12
Q

Pare- 1570s

2 things

A
  1. Ligatures instead of cauterisation

2. Treatment for gunshot wound

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13
Q

The Great Plague- 1665

2 things

A
  1. Quarantine

2. Tried to control the disease

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14
Q

Edwin Jenner- 1796

1 thing

A
  1. Vaccination for small pox
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15
Q

Humphrey Davy- 1799

1 thing

A
  1. Discovered Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) as a possible anaesthetic
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16
Q

Industrial Revolution- 1830s

2 things

A
  1. Shared housing

2. Poor working and living conditions

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17
Q

Cholera- 1831

1 thing

A
  1. Spreads through infected drinking water
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18
Q

Edwin Chadwick- 1842

1 thing

A
  1. Wrote a report on public health suggesting improvements
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19
Q

James Simpson- 1847

1 thing

A
  1. He discovers the effects of chloroform
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20
Q

Ether- 1846

2 things

A
  1. First successful demonstration of Ether as an anaesthetic

2. But it was an irritant and had side effects

21
Q

First public health act- 1848

2 things

A
  1. Enabled local authorities to borrow money to pay for the improvements
  2. Wasn’t compulsory
22
Q

John Snow- 1854

1 thing

A
  1. He linked cholera to contaminated water
23
Q

The Crimean War- 1854

1 thing

A
  1. Florence Nightingale and Mary Seacole helped to change nursing
24
Q

Queen Victoria- 1857

1 thing

A
  1. She supports the use of chloroform
25
Q

The Great Stink- 1858

2 things

A
  1. Waste overflowed into the Thames.

2. Hot weather made a very bad smell

26
Q

Joseph Bazalgette- 1858

2 things

A
  1. Built a massive sewer system for London

2. Stopped cholera

27
Q

Louis Pasteur- 1861

1 thing

A
  1. Developed the germ theory
28
Q

Second public health act- 1875

2 things

A
  1. It was compulsory

2. Sewers had to be away from houses

29
Q

Joseph Lister- 1867

1 thing

A
  1. Lister used carbolic acid as an antiseptic in surgery
30
Q

Koch- 1881

2 things

A
  1. Discovered the cause of anthrax

2. From his methods the causes of many diseases were found

31
Q

Public health improvements- 1876

4 things

A
  1. New laws were introduced against:
  2. The pollution of rivers
  3. The sale of poor quality food
  4. And it enforced building regulations
32
Q

X-rays- 1895

1 thing

A
  1. They were discovered by Wilhelm Roentgen
33
Q

Blood Transfusions- 1901

1 thing

A
  1. Different blood groups were discovered which lead to the first successful blood transfusion
34
Q

National Health Insurance- 1911

2 things

A
  1. Was introduced by Lloyd George

2. Health insurance and unemployment benefit

35
Q

Alexander Fleming- 1928

2 things

A
  1. He discovered penicillin (the first anti-biotic)

2. He didn’t take the work any further

36
Q

World War One- 1914-1918

1 thing

A
  1. Development of skin grafts to help victims of shelling
37
Q

Florey and Chain- 1937-45

2 things

A
  1. There was a need for penicillin during the war

2. They began the mass production of penicillin

38
Q

Contraceptive pill- 1961

1 thing

A
  1. It was first introduced
39
Q

William Beveridge- 1942

1 thing

A
  1. He produced the Beveridge report which formed the basis of the NHS
40
Q

National Health Service Act- 1946

2 things

A
  1. Bevan introduced the NHS

2. The NHS provides free health care at the point of use

41
Q

NHS first day- 1948

2 things

A
  1. Hospitals were nationalised

2. Doctors were spread more evenly around the country

42
Q

DNA- 1953

2 things

A
  1. DNA was first described by James Watson and Francis Crick

2. They relied on the work by Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins

43
Q

Test tube baby- 1978

1 thing

A
  1. The first test tube baby
44
Q

Keyhole surgery- 1990s

1 thing

A
  1. Using endoscopes it made surgery less invasive
45
Q

Radiography-1896-98

2 things

A
  1. Discovered by Marie Curie and Pierre

2. Very useful for different treatments e.g. radio therapy for cancer

46
Q

National organ donor register- 1994

1 thing

A
  1. It was created
47
Q

World War 2- 1939-45

4 things

A
  1. Skin grafts
  2. Pedicle tubes
  3. Prosthetic limbs
  4. Brain tubes
48
Q

Heart transplant- 1967

1 thing

A
  1. The first successful heart transplant was carried out by Christian Barnard
49
Q

The Black Death- 1348

4 things

A
  1. Carried by rats
  2. Plague doctors
  3. Bubonic and pneumonic
  4. Miasma and God- flagellants

GCSE- History (12 decks)

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