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2 - History of English > History of English - Ex. 2 > Flashcards

History of English - Ex. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Example of an unconditioned change

A

Rising of all vowels during the Great Vowel Shift

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2
Q

Folk Ethymology

A
  • Mistaken Attribution of New History, Phonetic Form

through association with a more familiar word.

(e.g. island = *isle+land*)

(in fact OE = ieg + lond)

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3
Q

William Safire

A
  • Linguist
  • New York Times columnist
  • ‘high priests’ of correct English
  • Grammar Guru
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4
Q

Robert Burchfield

A
  • Chief Editor of OED (1971 - 1984)
  • Latin broke up into “mutually unintelligible European Languages”
  • English eventually Break up into separate languages
  • Languages always had tendency to Break up - Evolve
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5
Q

Sir Randolph Quirk

A
  • Most Honoured Grammarian
  • Author of several grammars of contemporary English.
  • Different standards between ‘international’ and ‘intranational’ varieties of English
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6
Q

(Sir Dandolph Quirk)

  • Fundamental role of non-native English
A

Purposes of international access, rather than for intranational communication

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7
Q

happeneth

A

The archaic equivalent of the third person singular “s” in happens

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8
Q

John Algeo

A
  • University of Georgia
  • English Professor
  • “Heavy Hitter” in linguistics
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9
Q

Scrabble (Origin)

A

Dutch schrabbelen ‘to scratch’ - survive by scratching

  • overuse popular = board game
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10
Q

Fusion

A
  • Language Loss
  • two distinct features merge to become one
    e. g. ME (x) merged with (f) after back vowels so (tox) > (tʌf)
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11
Q

Fission

A
  • language gain
  • one distinct feature splits into two
    e. g. ME ‘flor’= Flour + Flower
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12
Q

honcho

A
  • Squad Leader (Boss)
  • American occupation of Japan
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13
Q

snafu

A

Situation Normal All Fucked Up (WWII)

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14
Q

Brainwashing

A
  • reject old beliefs and ideas and accept new ones
  • Korean War
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15
Q

hoover

A

Shifting/Derivation of Commercial Noun

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16
Q

Napalm

A
  • Blending from Acids names
  • derivation (gramaticalisation/shift) to the verb to burn
17
Q

computer hacker

A

compounding (noun + verb)

18
Q

fridge

A
  • Extraction (from refrigerator)
  • Shift/Derivation (Frigidaire)
19
Q

quidditch (word process)

A

Invention (J.K. Rowling)

20
Q

monokini

A

Backformation from:

  • folk-etymology
  • reanalysis
21
Q

earthiness

A

shift from affixation

earth + y + ness

22
Q

Forest

A

Borrowing from NF (Norman French) ‘forest’/ ‘forêt’

2 - History of English (9 decks)

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