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2nd year, Second Sem. Majors > History of Architecture 2: Midterms Part 4- Extra notes > Flashcards

History of Architecture 2: Midterms Part 4- Extra notes Flashcards

1
Q

What countries are in the indian subcontinent?

A

India, Pakistan, Sri
Lanka, and Bangladesh.

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2
Q

Hindus make up ___ of indias population?

A

79.8%

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3
Q

muslims make up ___ of Indias population?

A

12.9%

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4
Q

Christians make up ____ of Indias population

A

2.4%

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5
Q

Other religions in India make up ___ of the population.

A

0.6

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6
Q

An iranian, american architect born in 1948; built the Lotus temple in Delhi, India

A

FARIBORZ SAHBA

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7
Q

A Punjabi Muslim architect during the Mughal Empire, Plan drawer of Taj Mahal

A

USTAD AHMAD LAHORI

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8
Q

This building is considered to be the greatest architectural achievement in the whole range of Indo-Islamic architecture.

A

Taj Mahal

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9
Q

The Taj Mahal is known as a symbol
of love because it serves as a testimony of
the intense love that ___ has for his
wife, ____.

A

Shah Jahan, Mumtaz Mahal

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10
Q

Taj mahal is also a symbol of? ___

A

Love

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11
Q

There is an underground river that
originates from this temple wherein the water
is believed to heal physical and spiritual
illness; This is a Hindu Temple which is
dedicated to Shiva.

A

Lingaraja Temple

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12
Q

A temple with a symbol of power and wealth

A

Brihadisvara Temple

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13
Q

It is one of the 7 temples
of the Baha’i faith in the world. It is made up of 27
free-standing marble petals arranged to form
the 9 sides of the temple.

A

Lotus temple

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14
Q

It used to be the official residence of
the Wadiyar dynasty and the seat of the
Kingdom of Mysore.

A

Mysore palace

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15
Q

The first pan-Indian empire, an empire that covered most of the Indian region. It
spanned across central and northern India as well as over parts of modern-day Iran; of wood to stone; patronized by king Ashoka.

A

Mauryan empire

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16
Q

It is an island country lying in
the Indian Ocean and separated
from peninsular India by the
Palk Strait.

A

Sri lanka

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17
Q

It is known as the “Teardrop of
India”

A

Sri Lanka

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18
Q

Formerly Ceylon, which is the
transliteration of Ceilao.

A

Sri lanka

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19
Q

Constitute the largest ethnic group of the island of Sri lanka (75% population); Historically known as Hela people; they speak sinhala

A

Sinhales

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20
Q

Later immigrants from areas of central,
eastern, and southern India where Dravidian
languages were spoken; Are mostly Hindus with a significant Christian population.

A

Tamil

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21
Q

place of worship similar to a church

A

Temples

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22
Q

bell-shaped structures that contain a holy relic or scripture and generally can not be entered.

A

STupa

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23
Q

contain living quarters and meditation cells for monks.

A

Monasteries

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24
Q

One of Sri Lanka’s oldest religions, with temples dating back over 2,000 years.

A

Hinduism

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25
*Hindu temples are called ____ mostly dedicated to Shiva.
Kovils
26
An ancient temple built on top of a rock in Tangalle
Mulkirigala
27
The largest cave temple of Sri Lanka.
Dambulla
28
The largest stupa of Sri Lanka and is regarded as the tallest stupa of the world.
JETAVANARAMAYA
29
The first stupa which was built in Sri Lanka.
THUPARAMAYA
30
Known as The Brazen Palace or Lohaprasadaya since the roof was covered with bronze tiles.
LOVAMAHAPAYA
31
A Buddhist circular shaped structure built to protect the mall stupas which enshrined a relic of a Buddhist monk or to shelter the devotees.
VATADAGE
32
An ancient rock fortress known for its massive column of rock that reaches nearly 200 meters high; A UNESCO heritage site
SIGIRAYA
33
T or F: Pakistan has the 2nd largest Muslim population
True
34
T or F: Pakistan is bounded by myanmar to the west, Afghanistan to the northwest and north, China to the northeast, and India to the east and southeast.
False, should be Iran on the west.
35
T or F: Pakistan geologically overlaps both with the Indian and the Eurasian tectonic plates
True
36
In this islamic belief, Imams are viewed as saints.
Sunni Islam
37
In this islamic belief God always provides a guide. Imams are only appointed by God.
Shia Islam
38
Materials used in construction in Pakistani architecture
Brick, wood and loam
39
Structure in pakistan, include the great bath
MOHENJO DARO
40
T or F: Pakistani architecture Borrowed elements from the ancient Greece like support columns
True
41
The highest point of the architectural era reached by pakistanis
Gandhara Style
42
A mixture of Islamic, Indian, Turkish, and Persian styles; Symmetry, geometrical shapes, and detailed ornamentation
Mughal architecture
43
Persian and Greek influence to pakistani architecture Starting from 1st century AD.
Greco-Buddhist Style
44
One of the largest mosques in the world renowned for its size and architecture Designed by Turkish Architect Vedat Dalokay, completed in 1986
FAISAL MOSQUE
45
Tall minaret in Iqbal Parl, Lahore, in honor of the Lahore Resolution Reflects a blend of Mughal and modern architecture
MINAR-E PAKISTAN
46
an independent, secular and democratic country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth largest democracy, having the eighth largest population in the world.
Bangladesh
47
The nation of rivers
Bangladesh
48
is one of the traditional housing types that are used by poor families mainly in rural areas
Mud house
49
the most widely used material in the eastern and northern parts of Bangladesh. can be thick and thin walled
Bamboo
50
Houses in bangladesh that are commonly built nearby oceans and big and deep rivers to protect the house from flooding and vermin.
Stilt houses
51
He built the great Somapura Mahavihara in Paharpur, Naogaon District, Bangladesh.
Dharmapala
52
He is considered as the Grand Master of regional modernism in South Asia. Islam is the pioneer of modern architecture in Bangladesh and the father of Bengali modernism.
Muzharul Islam
53
built many mosques, tombs and secular buildings in the capital city of Dhaka and outside.
SHaista khan
54
The first kingdom to unify the regions that would later constitute the country of Myanmar.
Bagan
55
where monks and nuns live their daily lives
Monasteries
56
Built during the colonial period and often made with teak (abundant tropical hardwood)
Royal palaces
57
Sacred shrines which houses deities and statues which are worshipped and revered.
Temples
58
“The land of a thousand Pagodas”
Myanmar
59
ALSO KNOWN AS GREAT DAGON PAGODA AND THE GOLDEN PAGODA
SHWEDAGON PAGODA
60
is a type of Buddhist stupa that is found only in Myanmar. have a bell- shaped base that tapers towards the top, which is typically adorned with a finial.
Zedi
61
These are mythological creatures that resemble lions and are often found guarding the entrances to temples and other important buildings in Myanmar.
Chinthe
62
They are characterized by their high, curved gables and overhanging eaves, which are typically decorated with ornate carvings and painted in bright colors.
Mon-style roofs
63
are large murals or frescoes that depict scenes from the life of the Buddha.
Jatakas
64
They are typically made of teak wood and are used to protect windows and doors from the sun and rain. The shutters often feature intricate carvings.
Wooden shutters
65
is a multi-tiered roof structure that is found primarily in the Shan and Kayin States of Myanmar. The roofs are typically made of teak wood and feature several tiers that increase in size as they rise.
Pyatthat
66
These arches are characterized by their curved shape and intricate carvings and decorations.
Burmese arches
67
FORMERLY KKNOWN AS ___ (DARK OR BROWN), NOW ___(LAND OF FREE)
Siam, Thailand
68
OCCUPIES THE WESTERN HALF OF THE INDOCHINESE PENINSULA AND THE NORTHERN TWO- THIRDS OF MALAY PENINSULA IN SOUTHEAST ASIA.
Thailand
69
usually feature a bamboo or wooden structure, raised on stilts and topped with a steep gabled roof.
Thai houses
70
refers to a group of religious buildings generally enclosed by a wall with gateways
Wat
71
Meditation Hall in a wat
Bot
72
replica of Bot; houses Buddha images
Vihara
73
stupa; domed shrines
Phra Chedi
74
towerlike shrines ; similar to stupa
Phra Prang
75
hall for holy objects
Mondop
76
royal throne hall
Pra Sat
77
USUALLY BUILT AS A CLUSTER OF PHYSICALLY SEPARATE ROOMS ARRANGED AROUND A LARGE CENTRAL TERRACE; HOUSES WERE RAISED DUE TO HEAVY FLOODING OR PREDATORS
Thai houses
78
FOUND IN LOWLANDS, ELEVATED ON STOUT ROUND POSTS, IT HAS STEEP ROOFS WITH CURVED BARGEBOARDS AND PANELED WALLS LEANING SLIGHTLY INWARD
CENTRAL PLAINS HOUSES
79
A DISTINCTIVE FEATURE IS THE ELEGANT CURVED DECORATION AT THE ENDS OF THE PEAKED BARGEBOARDS SURROUNDING THE GABLES
Ngao
80
ENTRY IS MARKED WITH WATER JARTHAT LEADS TO DETACHED BUILDINGS CONSISTING OF THE MAIN HOUSE, KITCHEN, GRANARY, SPIRIT HOUSE AND WATER STORAGE
KAMTHIENG HOUSE
81
EARLY BANGKOK HAD THESE HOUSES WHERE THE FAMILY LIVED AND TRADE . THE FLOORBOARDS IN SUCH STRUCTURES ARE LOOSELY FITTED TO ALLOW FOR MOVEMENT AS THE WATER RISES AND FALLS
FLOATING HOUSES
82
was traditionally a school, hospital, community center and even an entertainment venue
Thai wat

2nd year, Second Sem. Majors (8 decks)

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