History of Architecture 2: Midterms Part 1- Indian & Southeast asian architecture

Question 1

It is the architecture of the Indian subcontinent, Characterized by Hindu and Buddhist monuments.

Answer 1

Indian Architecture

Question 2

Their structures sometimes share the same site, have rhythmic stratified motifs, and profuse carved ornamentation, often combining the religious and the sensuous.

Answer 2

Indian Architecture

Question 3

Established in 320-322 BC, Golden age of India because of extensive discoveries in science, technology, art and literature. Golden age of religion and Philosophy.

Answer 3

Mauryan Dynasty

Question 4

(stone worked to
desired shape and smoothed on
the face).

Answer 4

Dressed stone

Question 5

Built to house the early remains of historical buddha and his friends; relics of buddha;

Answer 5

Stupa

Question 6

It is where the Relics of pharaoh si stored

Answer 6

Mastaba

Question 7

Oldest buddhist sanctuary, temple.

Answer 7

Great stupa at Sanchi

Question 8

Has brought the Golden period of art (pallava) in india

Answer 8

Gupta Dynasty

Question 9

It was the center of classical Indian art and
literature

Answer 9

Court

Question 10

A Hindu state established in southern India,
which contributed to the expansion of Indian culture into Southeast Asia.

Answer 10

Pallava

Question 11

Style of Indian architecture in the Pallava
period

Answer 11

Dravidian

Question 12

Large underground or partly
underground chamber used by the
men for religious ceremonies or
councils.

Answer 12

Kiva

Question 13

Perfect place of peace and happiness; associated in heaven; highest state that someone can attain according to buddhism

Answer 13

Nirvana

Question 14

Believing that if a person releases their attachment to desire and the self, they can attain Nirvana. This is a state of liberation and freedom from suffering.

Answer 14

Buddhism

Question 15

Also lats; a freestanding memorial pillar
bearing carved inscriptions, religious
emblems, or a statue.

Answer 15

Stambha

Question 16

A Buddhist memorial mound to
enshrine a relic of Buddha. Dome-shaped mound on a platform, crowned by a chattri,
surrounded by an ambulatory
(stone vedika), with four toranas.

Answer 16

Stupa

Question 16

Ceylon Stupas

Answer 16

dagoba

Question 17

Tibet and Nepal stupas

Answer 17

chorten.

Question 18

The part of a stupa, elaborately carved, ceremonial gateway in Indian Buddhist and Hindu architecture with two or three lintels between two posts.

Answer 18

Torana

Question 19

The railing enclosing the stupa.

Answer 19

Vedika

Question 20

The umbrella-shaped finial symbolizing dignity,
composed of a stone disc on a vertical pole at a stupa

Answer 20

Chattri

Question 21

It is a shallow berm ringing the base of the
hemispherical mound at a stupa.

Answer 21

Medhi

Question 22

A monastery often excavated from
solid rock

Answer 22

Vihara

Question 23

A shrine carved out of solid rock
on a hillside; form of an aisled basilica
with a stupa at one end.

Answer 23

Chaitya

Question 24

A buddhist monastery or temple in Thailand or Cambodia.

Answer 24

Wat

Question 25

Tibetan Buddhist monastery or nunnery.

Answer 25

Gompa

Question 26

Belief in a Supreme Being and adherence to certain concepts such as Truth, dharma, karma, reincarnation, and belief in the authority of the Vedas (sacred scriptures).

Answer 26

Hinduism

Question 27

A hindu temple;

Answer 27

Mandira

Question 28

Contains a branch of art history, studies the identification, description and interpretation of the content of images; common in buddhism stupas

Answer 28

iconography

Question 29

A balcony-like structure that depicted the abode of the gods in a stupa, stood above the anda.

Answer 29

Harmika

Question 30

a monolithic, freestanding Hindu temple cut out of solid rock.

Answer 30

Rath

Question 31

sanctuary of a Hindu temple in which a deity is enshrined.

Answer 31

Vimana

Question 32

Shaivite temples (for Shiva) face what direction?

Answer 32

East

Question 33

Vaishnavite (for Vishnu) temples face what direction?

Answer 33

West

Question 34

A phallus, the symbol of the god Shiva in Hindu architecture.

Answer 34

Lingnam,

Question 35

womb chamber; the dark innermost sanctuary where the statue of the deity is placed.

Answer 35

Garbha griha,

Question 36

bulbous stone finial of a sikhara.

Answer 36

Amalaka,

Question 37

tower usually tapered convexly and capped by an amalaka

Answer 37

Sikhara,

Question 38

monumentally, usually ornate gateway tower.

Answer 38

Gopuram

Question 39

large, porch-like hall and used for religious dancing and music.

Answer 39

Mandapa

Question 40

Temple mountain, one of the largest religious structures in the world.

Answer 40

Angkor Wat

Question 41

The angkor Wat was Built by whos king of the Khmer empire?

Answer 41

Suryavarman

Question 42

Constructed to honor the Hindu god, Vishnu and to serve as the king’s tomb after he died; Use of corbelled arch.

Answer 42

Vrah Vishnulok or Ankor Wat

Question 43

Located at central java, indonesia; Known as the great “cosmic mountain.”

Answer 43

Borodubur

Question 44

It is the geometric symbol of the universe.

Answer 44

Mandala

Question 45

Base, built in three tiers

Answer 45

(kamadhatu);

Question 46

a pyramidal base with five concentric square terraces

Answer 46

Rupadhatu

Question 47

the trunk of a cone with three circular platforms and, at the top, a stupa

Answer 47

(arupadhatu).

Question 48

A temple Whose depiction of Buddha is represented by a formidable monolith accompanied by two Bodhisattvas

Answer 48

Mendut Temple

Question 49

A smaller temple, inner space does not reveal which deity might have been the object of worship.

Answer 49

Pawon Temple