History of Architecture 2: Midterms Part 1- Indian & Southeast asian architecture Flashcards
It is the architecture of the Indian subcontinent, Characterized by Hindu and Buddhist monuments.
Indian Architecture
Their structures sometimes share the same site, have rhythmic stratified motifs, and profuse carved ornamentation, often combining the religious and the sensuous.
Indian Architecture
Established in 320-322 BC, Golden age of India because of extensive discoveries in science, technology, art and literature. Golden age of religion and Philosophy.
Mauryan Dynasty
(stone worked to
desired shape and smoothed on
the face).
Dressed stone
Built to house the early remains of historical buddha and his friends; relics of buddha;
Stupa
It is where the Relics of pharaoh si stored
Mastaba
Oldest buddhist sanctuary, temple.
Great stupa at Sanchi
Has brought the Golden period of art (pallava) in india
Gupta Dynasty
It was the center of classical Indian art and
literature
Court
A Hindu state established in southern India,
which contributed to the expansion of Indian culture into Southeast Asia.
Pallava
Style of Indian architecture in the Pallava
period
Dravidian
Large underground or partly
underground chamber used by the
men for religious ceremonies or
councils.
Kiva
Perfect place of peace and happiness; associated in heaven; highest state that someone can attain according to buddhism
Nirvana
Believing that if a person releases their attachment to desire and the self, they can attain Nirvana. This is a state of liberation and freedom from suffering.
Buddhism
Also lats; a freestanding memorial pillar
bearing carved inscriptions, religious
emblems, or a statue.
Stambha
A Buddhist memorial mound to
enshrine a relic of Buddha. Dome-shaped mound on a platform, crowned by a chattri,
surrounded by an ambulatory
(stone vedika), with four toranas.
Stupa
Ceylon Stupas
dagoba
Tibet and Nepal stupas
chorten.
The part of a stupa, elaborately carved, ceremonial gateway in Indian Buddhist and Hindu architecture with two or three lintels between two posts.
Torana
The railing enclosing the stupa.
Vedika
The umbrella-shaped finial symbolizing dignity,
composed of a stone disc on a vertical pole at a stupa
Chattri
It is a shallow berm ringing the base of the
hemispherical mound at a stupa.
Medhi
A monastery often excavated from
solid rock
Vihara
A shrine carved out of solid rock
on a hillside; form of an aisled basilica
with a stupa at one end.
Chaitya
A buddhist monastery or temple in
Thailand or Cambodia.
Wat
Tibetan Buddhist monastery or
nunnery.
Gompa
Belief in a Supreme Being and adherence to certain concepts such as Truth, dharma, karma,
reincarnation, and belief in the authority of the Vedas (sacred scriptures).
Hinduism
A hindu temple;
Mandira
Contains a branch of art history, studies the identification, description and interpretation of the content of images; common in buddhism stupas
iconography
A balcony-like structure that depicted the abode of the gods in a stupa, stood above the anda.
Harmika
a monolithic, freestanding
Hindu temple cut out of solid rock.
Rath
sanctuary of a Hindu
temple in which a deity is
enshrined.
Vimana
Shaivite temples (for Shiva) face
what direction?
East
Vaishnavite (for Vishnu) temples
face what direction?
West
A phallus, the symbol of
the god Shiva in Hindu architecture.
Lingnam,
womb chamber; the
dark innermost sanctuary where the
statue of the deity is placed.
Garbha griha,
bulbous stone finial of a
sikhara.
Amalaka,
tower usually tapered
convexly and capped by an amalaka
Sikhara,
monumentally, usually
ornate gateway tower.
Gopuram
large, porch-like hall and
used for religious dancing and
music.
Mandapa
Temple mountain, one of the largest religious structures in the world.
Angkor Wat
The angkor Wat was Built by whos king of the
Khmer empire?
Suryavarman
Constructed to honor the Hindu
god, Vishnu and to serve as the
king’s tomb after he died; Use of corbelled arch.
Vrah Vishnulok or Ankor Wat
Located at central java, indonesia; Known as the great “cosmic mountain.”
Borodubur
It is the geometric symbol of the universe.
Mandala
Base, built in three tiers
(kamadhatu);
a pyramidal base with five
concentric square terraces
Rupadhatu
the trunk of a cone
with three circular platforms and, at
the top, a stupa
(arupadhatu).
A temple Whose depiction of Buddha is represented by a formidable monolith accompanied by two Bodhisattvas
Mendut Temple
A smaller temple, inner space does not reveal which deity might have been the object of worship.
Pawon Temple
