History of Architecture 2: Midterms Part 2- Chinese Architecture Flashcards
What are the chief building types of chinese architecture?
Palaces and temples
It is a diverse architectural style caused by differences in geographic and climatic conditions.
Chinese Architecture
Commonly used system of construction in chinese architecture
wood frame construction
A neolithic village near the yellow river; characterized by pit dwellings and fine pottery, painted in geometric designs.
Yang-shao
The dynasty who presented the Introduction of writing, development of an urban
civilization, and a mastery of
bronze casting; 1600-1030 BC.
Shang Dynasty or Yin dynasty
Capital of shang dynasty
Yin
Emergence of a centralized government; first imperial dynasty; The construction of much of the Great Wall of China; 221-206 BC
Qin dynasty
Monumental gateway to a palace, tomb, or sacred place.
Pailou
Bell tower or pavilion at the right side of a
city gate, palace entrance, or forecourt of a temple.
Zhonglou,
left side counterpart of a zhonglou.
Gulou
A bright hall; A ritual structure that serves as the
symbolic center of imperial power. Designated as the intersection of heaven (circle) and earth
(square), oriented around the four cardinal directions.
Mingtang
A Chinese pagoda.
Ta
What is the Songyue Temple Ta in Dengfeng, Henan Province?
Oldest Ta in China
A Circular Mound Altar, ritual
platform; Imperial Vault of Heaven; A Hall for Prayer for Good Harvests; A Abstinence Palace
Temple of Heaven
200 foot Pagoda made of wood in china
Fogong Pagoda
Best preserved imperial palace in China; the
residence of the son of heaven and
the conceptual center of the
empire.
Palace of heavenly purity
A palace complex including
temples, reception halls,
residences, and service buildings.
Forbidden City
The emperor’s throne room; also where
he met daily with his officials.
Hall of Supreme Harmony
T or F: Buildings are dispersed around a courtyard.
True
T or F: In the chinese building principles, the entire grouping is organized around a central pathway
or axis.
True
T or F: In the chinese building principles, the largest and most important building is located at the southernmost.
False, northernmost
T or F: In the chinese building principles, the surrounding structures and courtyards Decrease in size as they get closer to the main building.
False, Increase in size
Fortified wall to protect China
against nomads from the north; served as a means of communication; built by Qin Shih Huang Ti.
Great Wall of
China
The interaction of two opposing
and complementary principles
Yin-Yang
feminine, dark, and negative
Yin
Masculine, bright, and
positive
Yang
wind water; Arranging architectural elements so
that they are in harmony with
nature. To promote chi’i to the building; face south for wind advantage
Feng Shui
Odd daw yung plants, bawal raw na magkatapat yung pintuan, yung mirror dapat raw nakatapat sa dining for abundance of food and blessings ;-;
Feng shui
positive energy
Chi’i
Standard unit of space marked by adjacent frame
supports in China; The basic measure in construction.
Jian
Interlocking bracket system used in
traditional Chinese construction to
support roof beams; Has both structural and decorative purpose.
Dougong
Connotations of colors:
▪ Green, wood.
▪ Yellow, earth; spaces reserved for emperors.
▪ Blue and black, water.
▪ White and gray, metal.
▪ Red, fire; hope and satisfaction.
Familiarize mo lang
The spirit altar, raised
astronomical observatory; usually
the central, circular upper storey of
the mingtang.
Lingtai
A Jade ring moat.
Biyong,
Retreat palace from the forbidden city palace
Summer palace
