History of Architecture 2: Midterms Part 3- Japanese Architecture Flashcards

1
Q

Characterized by a synthesis of seminal ideas from
China and native conditions producing a distinct style; Light, delicate, and refined.

A

Japanese Architecture

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2
Q

710-794 CE; Adoption of Chinese culture and
form of government; Named after the first permanent capital and chief Buddhist center in ancient Japan.

A

Nara Period

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3
Q

Iconic building of the Nara Period, an imperial residence

A

Heijō Palace

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4
Q

785-1185 CE; Modification and naturalization of ideas and institutions introduced from China.

A

Heian Period

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5
Q

“Way of the Gods.” The natural physical and
supernatural transcendent world are both part of a single unified creation; holding the ideal of a life that is in harmony with and united with nature.

A

Shintoism

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6
Q

A shinto shrine with a Rectangular plan raised on posts, surrounded by a railed veranda, with a free-standing post at each gable end.A shrine embodying the original style of Japanese building.

A

Shimmei-zukuri

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7
Q

the ritual process of rebuilding the
Ise every twenty years.

A

Shikinen sengu

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8
Q

Outer Shrine (Geku), which is dedicated to Toyouke, the Shinto deity of clothing, food and housing.

A

Geku

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9
Q

Inner Shrine (Naiku), which enshrines the most
venerated deity Amaterasu, the Sun Goddess.

A

Naiku

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10
Q

The Ise Jingu consists of how many shrines? What are they?

A

Two, Geku and Naiku

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11
Q

Are built in a purely Japanese architecture style which shows almost no influence from the Asian mainland.

A

Ise Shrines

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12
Q

Monumental freestanding gateway
on the approach to a Shinto shrine; Two pillars connected at the top by a horizontal crosspiece and a lintel
above it.

A

Torii

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13
Q

The Assembly hall for
monks for reading sacred
texts.

A

Kodo

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14
Q

Japanese pagoda
enshrining Buddha relics.

A

To

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15
Q

The Golden Hall;
sanctuary where the main
image of worship is kept.

A

Kondo

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16
Q

The inner gateway to
the precinct.

17
Q

The covered gallery
surrounding the precinct.

18
Q

The crowning spire on a
Japanese pagoda.

19
Q

One of the oldest surviving wooden buildings in the world; Oldest existing temple complex in Japan.

A

Horyuji Temple, Nara.

20
Q

Japanese pagoda, also butto or
toba; Central structure of a Buddhist
compound.

21
Q

The finest surviving example of early 17th-century Japanese castle architecture.

A

Himeji Castle

22
Q

“The White Heron.”; Tenshu-gun, (keeps.)

A

Himeji Castle

23
Q

inner courtyard in the southeast corner of the court where a samurai would commit
suicide.

A

Harakiri-maru,

24
Q

Meaning “writing hall.”; A new type of residential architecture during the Muromachi period (1338-1573); Features the proportioning system of using tatami mats (about 1x2 yards in size).

25
A Decorative alcove.
Tokonoma
26
The Staggered shelves.
Chigaidama
27
A paper-covered wooden lattice. Made of Rice paper
Shoji
28
A recess with built-in shelving.
Tana
29
The straw mats used as floor coverings (about 3’x6’)
Tatami
30
The post marking the partition between the tokonoma and the tana.
Tokobashira,
31
The extension of the floor, usually facing a garden; serves as a passageway or sitting place.
Engawa
32
A vertical hanging scroll containing either text or a painting.
Kakemono
33
teahouses. venue for tea ceremony
Chashitsu
34
An ornamental garden adjacent to the teahouse.
Roji
35
A linear unit for regulating column spacing in traditional Japanese construction. Initially equal to 6 shaku (1.818 meters); later varied according to the tatami mats (approximately 3’ x 6’).
Ken
36
The size of a room is designated by the number of its floor mats (tatami).
Ken