history ch 8

Question 1

How did the make-up of Washington’s cabinet lead to conflict during his presidency?

Answer 1

The differing ideologies and interests of cabinet members created tensions and disagreements.

Question 2

What are the main beliefs of the Federalists?

What are the main beliefs of the Democratic-Republicans?

What were the stances of the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans on Hamilton’s Financial Plan?

What compromise did the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans make?

Answer 2

Federalists supported a strong central government and a loose interpretation of the Constitution.
Democratic-Republicans advocated for states’ rights and a strict interpretation of the Constitution
Federalists supported it, while Democratic-Republicans opposed it.

They compromised on the location of the nation’s capital in exchange for support of Hamilton’s Financial Plan.

Question 3

What is the significance of Shay’s Rebellion?
What is the significance of the Whiskey Rebellion?

Answer 3

It highlighted the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and the need for a stronger federal government.
It demonstrated the federal government’s ability to enforce law and order.

Question 4

What foreign issues did the new country face?

Answer 4

The new country faced challenges such as conflicts with Britain and France, and issues with Native American tribes.

Question 5

What are the three major recommendations Washington made in his Farewell Address?

Answer 5

Avoid political parties, steer clear of foreign alliances, and maintain national unity.

Question 6

What is the significance of the XYZ Affair?

What are the Alien and Sedition Acts?

Answer 6

It led to an undeclared naval war with France and increased tensions between the two nations.

These laws aimed to suppress dissent and limit immigration, leading to controversy over civil liberties.

Question 7

What is the significance of Marbury v. Madison?

Answer 7

It established the principle of judicial review, enhancing the power of the Supreme Court.

Question 8

Formal ceremony starting a president’s term

Answer 8

Inaguration

Question 9

A president’s group of advisers

Answer 9

cabinet

Question 10

A tax on imported goods

Answer 10

tariff

Question 11

Tax paid on the manufacture or sale of certain
goods and services within a country

Answer 11

excise tax

Question 12

A place to hold tax revenue and to handle
the nation’s financial dealings

Answer 12

national bank

Question 13

Political party led by Alexander
Hamilton; believed in a strong central government

Answer 13

federalist party

Question 14

Political party led by
Thomas Jefferson; believed in stronger state governments

Answer 14

democratic republic party

Question 15

Protest against excise taxes on
whiskey; quelled by George Washington’s forces

Answer 15

whiskey rebellion

Question 16

was an American statesman, patriot, diplomat, Founding Father of the United States, and abolitionist. He was also the negotiator and signatory of the Treaty of Paris of 1783, second governor of New York, and first chief justice of the United States

Answer 16

John Jay

Question 17

Battle near modern-day Toledo, Ohio,
where Anthony Wayne’s force defeated a band of Indians
who were then forced to abandon their claim to about
half of Ohio

Answer 17

fallen timbers

Question 18

President Washington’s
declaration that the United States would pursue a policy
of friendliness toward both France and Britain and would
not involve itself in their conflict

Answer 18

proclamation of neutrality

Question 19

Edmond charles Genet

Answer 19

Edmond charles Genet

Question 20

Act of forcing captured American sailors to
serve in the British navy

Answer 20

impresment

Question 21

Unpopular treaty by John Jay in which the
United States agreed to limit trade with France and to
arrange payment of debts still owed to British banks and
citizens from before the War for Independence; treaty in
which Britain agreed to abandon its forts in the Northwest,
pay the United States for ships seized, and open some ports
in the British West Indies to American trade

Answer 21

Jay treaty

Question 22

was an American politician, businessman, lawyer, and Founding Father who served as the third vice president of the United States from 1801 to 1805 during Thomas Jefferson’s first presidential term.

Answer 22

Aaron Burr

Question 23

was an American Founding Father who served as the second president of the United States from 1797 to 1801. Before his presidency, he was a leader of the American Revolution that achieved independence from

Answer 23

John adams

Question 24

Named for the three French agents who
demanded a bribe in order to negotiate with the United
States

Answer 24

the XYZ affair

Question 25

Four laws passed by a Federalist-
controlled Congress that were designed to protect the
country during the threat of war but were used to harm
the Democratic-Republican party and keep it from
gaining power

Answer 25

alien and sedation acts

Question 26

—Response to the
Alien and Sedition Acts; resolutions claiming that the
states should be allowed to decide whether actions of the
federal government are constitutiona

Answer 26

Virginia and Kentucky resolutions

Question 27

State’s act of declaring void any federal law

Answer 27

nulification

Question 28

John Marshall was an American statesman, jurist, and Founding Father who served as the fourth chief justice of the United States from 1801 until his death in 1835.

Answer 28

John marshall

Question 29

Dozens of judges appointed to office
by John Adams the night before he left office

Answer 29

midnight judges

Question 30

Supreme Court ruling establishing
the principle of judicial review

Answer 30

marbury vs madison

Question 31

The right of the Supreme Court to declare
a law passed by Congress as unconstitutional

Answer 31

judicial reveiw