History

Question 0

Drinking blood as?

Answer 0

A tonic for rejuvination

Treatment of diseases

Question 1

Vital force; essence of life

Answer 1

Blood

Question 2

“Blood contains the soul”

Answer 2

Huang Di Nei Ching

Question 3

Use of blood for Romans

Answer 3

Drink blood of fallen gladiators in the belief that the blood could transmit vitality

Question 4

Use of blood for Egyptians

Answer 4

1. Treat baldness and elephantiasis
2. Revive the dead
3. For physical and spiritual restoration
4. Rejuvinate the old and the incapacitated

Question 5

Blood letting originated from?

Answer 5

Egypt

Question 6

Postulates that the body is compromised of four humors

Answer 6

Hippocrates (400 BC)

Question 7

Four humors

Answer 7

Blood
Phlegm
Yellow bile
Black bile

Question 8

Imbalance of four humors causes

Answer 8

Disease

Question 9

Believes that the heart is the central organ of the body

Answer 9

Aristotle (350 BC)

Question 10

Describe the anatomy of the human body and includes a reference to ‘bright’ and ‘dark’ blood from separate channels in the body which interconnect

Answer 10

Claudius Galenus (162 AD)

Question 11

Mentions the ‘liver as the origin’ of blood and the ‘kidneys as filters’

Answer 11

Claudius Galenus

Question 12

The first transfusion was recorded in what year

Answer 12

1492

Question 13

First unluck recipient of blood transfusion

Answer 13

Pope Innocent VIII

Question 14

How many young boys donated for Pope Innocent VIII?

Answer 14

3

Question 15

Described his technique of blood transfusion in 1615

Answer 15

Andreas Libavius

Question 16

Discovered the circulatory system of the blood in 1616

Answer 16

William Harvey

Question 17

Published ‘An Anatomical Exercise on the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Animals’

Answer 17

William Harvey

Question 18

“De Motu Cordis”

Answer 18

William Harvey

Question 19

Animal to animal transfusion (successful dog to dog transfusion)

Answer 19

Richard Lower

Question 20

Animal to human transfusion (sheep to human) in 1667

Answer 20

Jean Baptiste-Denis

Question 21

Jean Baptiste-Denis’s patient whom he used calf’s blood for transfusion

Answer 21

Antoine Mauroy

Question 22

Performed the first successful human to human transfusion for the treatment of pastpartum hemorrhage (1818)

Answer 22

James Blundell

Question 23

Was the most popular form of treatment of a vast number of ailments during 18th century

Answer 23

Blood letting

Question 25

Blood Letting instruments

Answer 25

- bleeding bowl - scarificator - Weiss's improved cupping device - Glass cupping cups - Leech jars - Fox's glass leech

Question 26

A blood letting instrument used to measure the amount of blood

Answer 26

Bleeding bowl

Question 27

Bleeding bowl is made in 1740 by whom

Answer 27

John Foster

Question 28

A blood letting instrument used to obtain sufficient blood, 20-40 gashes were made in the legs of the patient and was made to stand in a basin of warm water

Answer 28

Scarificator

Question 29

Recommended Na3PO4 as anticoagulant (1869)

Answer 29

Braxton Hicks

Question 30

Reported the use of sodium citrate (1914); citrated blood

Answer 30

Albert Hustin

Question 31

Determined the minimum amount of citrate needed for anticoagulant and demonstrated its non-toxicity in small amounts (1915)

Answer 31

Richard Lewisohn

Question 32

Use of dextrose as blood preservative upto 2 weeks (1916)

Answer 32

Thomas Rous and Catherine Turner

Question 33

Use of Acid citrate dextrose as blood preservative for 3 weeks (1943)

Answer 33

John Freedman Loutit

Question 34

Showed that glycerol extend the life span of red cells up to 10 years (1950)

Answer 34

Smith

Question 35

Inteoduced citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) as standard preservative for blood storage (1957)

Answer 35

Gibson

Question 36

First to successfully carry out vein to vein transfusion of blood by using multiple syringes and a special cannula for puncturing the vein through the skin

Answer 36

Edward Lindemann

Question 37

Designed a syringe-valve apparatus transfusion of blood from donor to patient possible without the assistance of a physician

Answer 37

Unger

Question 38

Bled the body as self-punishment

Answer 38

North American Indians

Question 39

Believed that soul is in the blood

Answer 39

Royalties

Question 40

Life of flesh is in the blood

Answer 40

Leviticus (bible)

Question 41

German scientist who discovered the ABO blood group system (1901)

Answer 41

Karl Landsteiner

Question 42

Discovered the AB blood type

Answer 42

Alfred von Decastello and Adriano Sturli

Question 43

Discovered the Rh blood group system in 1902

Answer 43

Alex Welker and Karl Landsteiner

Question 44

Advocating selecting donors by blood group and crossmatching

Answer 44

Ludvig Hektoen

Question 45

Appointed by the American Red Cross Blood Bank as first director in February 1941

Answer 45

Dr. Charles Drew

Question 46

Incompatibility of species

Answer 46

Emil Ponfick and Leonard Landois

Question 47

Same species

Answer 47

John Henry Leacock

Question 48

Loss of ability to speak cause by being mad

Answer 48

Apoplectic stroke

Question 49

Major crossmatch Minor crossmatch Compatibility 1913

Answer 49

Reuben Ottenberg

Question 50

Major crossmatch

Answer 50

Patient's serum - Donor's red cell

Question 51

Minor crossmatch

Answer 51

Donor's serum - patient's red cell

Question 52

Inheritance of blood group

Answer 52

Felix Bernstein

Question 53

Rhesus blood type (1939)

Answer 53

Philip Levine

Question 54

RhIg prevention for Rh(-) | Rhogam

Answer 54

Ronald Fisher

Question 55

Coomb's test; AGT (1945)

Answer 55

Robin Coombs, Arthur Mourant, Rob Race

Question 56

Two silver cannulas

Answer 56

James Aveling

Question 57

Blood depots

Answer 57

Ostwald Robertson