Historical Figures Flashcards
Hippocrates
(460-377 BCE) “Father of Medicine” LOGIC and REASON, sound medical practices; Hippocratic Oath; first to attribute diseases to natural causes and not supernatural/god
Aritsotle
(384-322 BCE)- Founder of COMPARATIVE ANATOMY; looked for logic and unifying themes in biology and medicine
Herophilus
(355-280 BCE) “Father of Anatomy” FIRST to PUBLICLY dissect/ compare human and non-human animal bodies; named lots of body parts
Claudius Galen
(130-201) Physician; anatomy writings dominated field for 1500yrs
Leonardo da Vinci
(1452-1519) cadaver dissections as basis for art; illustrations of body
Andreas Vesalius
(1514-1564) “Reformer of Anatomy” (On the Fabric of the Human Body); challenged Galen; many sketches of the body as it functions in a living human.
William Harvey
(1514-1657) Engl. Physician; first to propose blood circulated throughout the entire body (blood circulatory system), hypothesized capillaries ( although never saw them)
Late 1600’s anatomy breakthrough
specimen preservation techniques available (cadavers lasted longer, more time to study them before decomposing)
Robert Hooke
(1635-1703) Engl. philosopher, cork “cells” were actually spaces in bark of oak tree but reminded him of bare rooms, or cells) Designed the 30X microscope
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
(1632-1723) Dutch optician; refined microscope 200x
Marcell Malphighi
(1628-1624)- “father of histology (tissues)” confirmed existence of capillaries; developed the concept of organs
Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann
all organisms are comprised of cells– cells are the basic units of life
Wilhelm Roentgen
Physicist; discovered X-rays
James Watson and Francis Crick
(1953) DNA ( carries information that determines anatomy)
electron microscopy
(~1950s) use of electron beam, allowed for higher resolution and higher magnification of structures
