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Histology > Histology review > Flashcards

Histology review Flashcards

exam 2

1
Q

ectoderm

A

external

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2
Q

“internal”

A

endoderm

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3
Q

internal

A

mesoderm- mesothelial cells

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4
Q

epithelia

A

avascular, polarized and express keratin

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5
Q

all nuclei are in a row

A

simple

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6
Q

wandering

A

lymphocytes

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7
Q

epidermis

A

SSKE

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8
Q

esophagus

A

SSNKE

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9
Q

SSNKE

A

all the way to the free surface, living, see the nuclei

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10
Q

SSKE has a

A

dark pigmented line

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11
Q

pseudostratified

A

all cell contact basal lamina, not all reach the surface

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12
Q

transitional

A

large surface cells and binucleate

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13
Q

urothelium

A

translitional

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14
Q

unicellular you will see

A

goblet cell

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15
Q

pancreas duct

A

multicellular compound

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16
Q

dermal sebaceous gland

A

multicellular simple

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17
Q

exocrine pancreas

A

merocrine

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18
Q

exocrine pancreas shows what type of cells?

A

simple columnar

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19
Q

decapitation secretion

A

apocrine

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20
Q

mammary gland: milk

A

apocrine e

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21
Q

dermis-sebaceuos gland

A

holocrine

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22
Q

serous secretion (4)

A
  • watery secretion
  • abundant rer
  • round nucleus
  • cell well stained
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23
Q

mucous (4)

A
  • thick secretion
  • clear cytoplasm
  • flat nucleus
  • cells poorly stained
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24
Q

zonula occludens and zonula adherens will always be present in

A

the plane of section

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25
Q

makes the dots beneath the terminal bar

A

zonula occludens and zonula adherens

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26
Q

tight junction

A

zonula occludens

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27
Q

transmembrane proteins (2)

A
  • occludin

- claudin

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28
Q

transmembrane proteins are attached to

A

actin

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29
Q

calcium dependent intercellular junction

A

Zonula adherens

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30
Q

E-cadherin

A

Zonula adherens

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31
Q

zonula adherens is

A

continuous with actin cytoskeleton

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32
Q

zonula adherens job

A

transduce signals from adjacent cells

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33
Q

gap junction

A

communicating junction

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34
Q

communicating junctions job

A

facilitates transcellular movement of:

  • metabolites
  • 2nd messengers
  • ion
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35
Q

basal lamina you only see in

A

EM

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36
Q

basal lamina is

A

discontinuous

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37
Q

reticular lamin

A

collagen III

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38
Q

basal lamina + reticular lamina

A

basement membrane

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39
Q

indigenous cells (5)

A

(1) fibroblast
(2) adipocytes
(3) mesenchymal cells
(4) osteogenic cell and derivatives
(5) chondrogenic cell and derivatives

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40
Q

Immigrant cells (7)

A 
plasma cells 
mast cells 
macrophages
basophil
lymphocytes 
eosinophil
neutrophils
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41
Q

indigenous cells key point

A

will always be in the CT

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42
Q

Most common cell in most CT

A

fibroblasts

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43
Q

have the capacity to differentiate into myofibroblasts but only in ______

A

fibroblasts in wound healing

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44
Q

collagen II is made by

A

chondrocytes

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45
Q

chicken-wire

A

white adipose tissue

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46
Q

brown adipose tissue has a lot of

A

capillaries

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47
Q

plasma cells are

A

differentiated B-lymphocytes

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48
Q

“cock-face”

A

Plasma face

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49
Q

round granules, one nuclei and the nuclei is smaller to cytoplasm

A

mast cells

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50
Q

basophils are found in the

A

blood

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51
Q

macrophages differentiates from

A

blood monocytes

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52
Q

they have phagocytic vacuoles, esosinophilic cytoplasm

A

macrophages

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53
Q

recirculate from blood to CT and back to blood

A

lymphocytes

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54
Q

lymphocytes are subsets of

A

B and T cells

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55
Q

small, dark nuclei, and little cytoplasm

A

lymphocytes

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56
Q

triple helix

A

collagen fibrils

57
Q

collagen fibrils will have

A

dark and light bands

58
Q

collagen fibers

A

dense regular/irregular

59
Q

Type I collagen is made by

A

fibroblasts and osteoblasts

60
Q

reticular fibers will stain

61
Q

ground substance

A
  • proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans and glycoproteins

- water

62
Q

lamellar elastic fibers

A

lasagna like

63
Q

fibrillar elastic fibers

A

sporadic fibers, branched like a v

64
Q

fibrillin-1 sequestering TGF-beta

A

marfan syndrome

65
Q

loose (areolar) CT

A

a lot of ground substance

66
Q

dense regular CT

A

smooth, with nuclei all going in one direction

67
Q

Dense irregular CT

A

fibers and nuclei going in all directions

68
Q

Neutrophils location

A

about half will be in blood and the other CT

69
Q

multi-lobe, and you can see the barr bosy

A

neutrophils

70
Q

lymphocytes location

A

abundant in both blood and CT

71
Q

horse-shoe nuclei

72
Q

fine granules and the precursor cell to macrophages, osteoclasts and dendritic cells

73
Q

monocytes location

A

only in blood

74
Q

bi-lobed nucleus, bright red in cytoplasm, rod-shaped granules with a line core

A

eosinophils

75
Q

basophils will be seen in the

A

blood moslty

76
Q

bilobed nucleus, multiple round granules

77
Q

formed in bone marrow as fragments

78
Q

cartilage will contains

A
  • collagen II

- sulfated proteoglycans

79
Q

cartilage is both

A

avascular and aneural

80
Q

hyaline cartilage contains

A
  • chondrocytes “back to back D”
  • cells retracted from lacunae “floating nuclei”
  • interstitial and appositional growth
  • interterritorial matrix
  • perichondrium
81
Q

elastic fibers will be like hyaline cartilage but

A

it has elastic fibers “V”

82
Q

fibrocartilage has no

A

perichondrium

83
Q

fibrocartilage has both

A

fibroblasts and chondrocytes thus making both collagen I and collagen II

84
Q

fibrocartilage grows

A

interstitially

85
Q

lamellar (2)

A

compact

spongy

86
Q

woven

A

immature bone and disorderly arrangement of collagen

87
Q

cancellous, trabecular

88
Q

Compact will contain

A

haversian systems

89
Q

interstetially lamellae is mostly formed by

A

remolded haversian system, incomplete osteon

90
Q

osteon

A

1 haversian system

91
Q

lacunae is where

A

osteocytes live

92
Q

volkman canal attach two haversian systems

A

perpendicular

93
Q

spongy contains bone lamellae but no

A

haversian systems

94
Q

woven bone will contain a

A

mesenchyme

95
Q

mixed specule

A

endochondral ossification

96
Q

osteogenic cells

A

mesenchyme derivative

97
Q

osteoclasts

A

MPS- derivative

98
Q

endochondral ossification

A

-cartilage template first

99
Q

epiphyseal growth zones (4)

A
  • resting
  • proliferation
  • hypertrophy
  • calcification
100
Q

mixed spicule fate

A

either compact or spongy

101
Q

spongy bone remodeling

A

osteoclast is counter-acted by osteoblast leading to no change in mass of the spicule

102
Q

suppress activity of

A

osteoclast

103
Q

decreased number/function of osteoclasts

A

osteopetrosis

104
Q

no cartilage template

A

intramembranous ossification

105
Q

mixed spicule in

A

intramembranous ossification

106
Q

intramembranous ossification

A
  • initial bone is woven

- “de novo”- condensing mesenchyme

107
Q

intramembranous ossification can be both

A

spongy or compact

108
Q

maintenance of calcium levels

A

blast vs clast

109
Q

striated voluntary

110
Q

continuous external lamina- completely insulated

111
Q

true synctium

112
Q

functional synctium

113
Q

the white space around the myofibrils represents

114
Q

triad

115
Q

all CT investments unite at

116
Q

contractile proteins are linked to the ECm by

A

dystrophin complex

117
Q

what is the moving compartment of sarcomere?

118
Q

nucleus a the periphery in muscle

119
Q

endocrine cell

A

cardiac muscle cell

120
Q

contractile and conduction

A

purkinje fibers

121
Q

muscle has no CT

122
Q

discontinuous external lamina and many gap junctions

123
Q

dense bodies contains _____ and it is found in

A

contains actin and found in smooth

124
Q

z-disk equivalent in smooth

A

dense bodies

125
Q

what can you find in caveole?

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

126
Q

multipolar

A

motor neurons

127
Q

surrounds nerve fibers

A

perinerium

128
Q

individual axon surrounded by

A

endonerium

129
Q

unmyelinated fibers

130
Q

myelinated fibers

A

somatic sensory/motor

131
Q

incisures within myelin run oblique angles

A

schmidt-lanterman

132
Q

exposes the axon due to no myelin

A

node of ranvier

133
Q

dorsal roo ganglion

A

sensory ganglion

134
Q

neurons with central neurons and complete ring of satellites… NO DENDRITES!!!!

A

Sensory ganglion

135
Q

pseudopolar

136
Q

neurons with eccentric nucleus and incomplete ring of sattelites, dendrites

137
Q

gut

138
Q

exist between two smooth muscle running perpendicular

A

enteric plexus

Histology (15 decks)

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