Histology: Paraalimentary Flashcards
Which secretions do the sublingual glands produce: serous or mucinous?
Both.
Which secretions does the parotid gland produce: serous or mucinous?
Serous.
Which secretions do the minor salivary glands produce: serous or mucinous?
Mostly mucinous.
Where are the minor salivary glands located?
(1) submucosa of the nose
(2) paranasal sinuses
(3) oral cavity
(4) pharynx
(5) larynx
(6) tracheobronchial tree
(7) esophagus
What are the functional contents of salivary secretions?
(1) amylase
(2) lipids and proteins that protect tooth enamel from demineralization
(3) lysozyme
(4) IgA
J: This refers to a collection of secretory cells in a salivary gland or the exocrine pancreas.
What is an acinus?
What epithelium lines a pancreatic duct?
Low, cuboidal epithelium.
What pancreatic cells are primarily responsible for secreting bicarbonate into the duodenum?
The pancreatic duct epithelial cells.
How does the pancreas protect itself from auto-digestion?
(1) zymogens are stored in granules
(2) the granules contain protease inhibitors
(3) the pH in the granules is low
Do the endocrine and exocrine cells of the pancreas share a common stem cell?
Yes.
What surrounds the epithelial lining of a pancreatic duct?
A collagen collar.
What substances are secreted by pancreatic duct epithelial cells?
(1) bicarbonate
(2) mucin
(3) electrolytes and water
What are 3 substances that are detoxified or cleared by the liver?
(1) bilirubin
(2) ammonia
(3) copper
What are 3 substances that are stored in the liver?
(1) glucose
(2) lipids
(3) vitamin A
What cells line the exterior of the liver?
Mesothelial cells.
What lines the hepatic sinusoids?
A fenestrated endothelium.
What separates a portal tract from the hepatic cords?
A limiting plate.
How much liver can be lost with regeneration still possible?
75%.
What are the 2 general functions of collagen?
(1) structural
(2) signaling
What substance can be found surrounding a hepatic central vein?
Type I collagen.
What substance can be found around a hepatic portal tract?
Type I collagen.
What substance can be found between the endothelium of hepatic sinusoids and the hepatocytes?
Type III collagen.
J: This refers to the area between the fenestrated endothelium of the sinusoids and the hepatocytes.
What is the space of Disse?
What does it mean for bilirubin to be conjugated?
That two glucuronide molecules have been covalently added to unconjugated bilirubin within a hepatocyte.
What substances does bile consist of?
(1) conjugated bilirubin
(2) bile salts
What are bile salts?
An oxidized form of cholesterol.
Into what space is bile excreted from hepatocytes?
The bile canaliculus.
What layers comprise the gallbladder wall?
(1) epithelium
(2) lamina propia
(3) muscularis propia
