Histology: Paraalimentary

Question 0

Which secretions do the sublingual glands produce: serous or mucinous?

Answer 0

Both.

Question 1

Which secretions does the parotid gland produce: serous or mucinous?

Answer 1

Serous.

Question 2

Which secretions do the minor salivary glands produce: serous or mucinous?

Answer 2

Mostly mucinous.

Question 3

Where are the minor salivary glands located?

Answer 3

(1) submucosa of the nose
(2) paranasal sinuses
(3) oral cavity
(4) pharynx
(5) larynx
(6) tracheobronchial tree
(7) esophagus

Question 4

What are the functional contents of salivary secretions?

Answer 4

(1) amylase
(2) lipids and proteins that protect tooth enamel from demineralization
(3) lysozyme
(4) IgA

Question 5

J: This refers to a collection of secretory cells in a salivary gland or the exocrine pancreas.

Answer 5

What is an acinus?

Question 6

What epithelium lines a pancreatic duct?

Answer 6

Low, cuboidal epithelium.

Question 7

What pancreatic cells are primarily responsible for secreting bicarbonate into the duodenum?

Answer 7

The pancreatic duct epithelial cells.

Question 8

How does the pancreas protect itself from auto-digestion?

Answer 8

(1) zymogens are stored in granules
(2) the granules contain protease inhibitors
(3) the pH in the granules is low

Question 9

Do the endocrine and exocrine cells of the pancreas share a common stem cell?

Answer 9

Yes.

Question 10

What surrounds the epithelial lining of a pancreatic duct?

Answer 10

A collagen collar.

Question 11

What substances are secreted by pancreatic duct epithelial cells?

Answer 11

(1) bicarbonate
(2) mucin
(3) electrolytes and water

Question 12

What are 3 substances that are detoxified or cleared by the liver?

Answer 12

(1) bilirubin
(2) ammonia
(3) copper

Question 13

What are 3 substances that are stored in the liver?

Answer 13

(1) glucose
(2) lipids
(3) vitamin A

Question 14

What cells line the exterior of the liver?

Answer 14

Mesothelial cells.

Question 15

What lines the hepatic sinusoids?

Answer 15

A fenestrated endothelium.

Question 16

What separates a portal tract from the hepatic cords?

Answer 16

A limiting plate.

Question 17

How much liver can be lost with regeneration still possible?

Answer 17

75%.

Question 18

What are the 2 general functions of collagen?

Answer 18

(1) structural

(2) signaling

Question 19

What substance can be found surrounding a hepatic central vein?

Answer 19

Type I collagen.

Question 20

What substance can be found around a hepatic portal tract?

Answer 20

Type I collagen.

Question 21

What substance can be found between the endothelium of hepatic sinusoids and the hepatocytes?

Answer 21

Type III collagen.

Question 22

J: This refers to the area between the fenestrated endothelium of the sinusoids and the hepatocytes.

Answer 22

What is the space of Disse?

Question 23

What does it mean for bilirubin to be conjugated?

Answer 23

That two glucuronide molecules have been covalently added to unconjugated bilirubin within a hepatocyte.

Question 24

What substances does bile consist of?

Answer 24

(1) conjugated bilirubin

(2) bile salts

Question 25

What are bile salts?

Answer 25

An oxidized form of cholesterol.

Question 26

Into what space is bile excreted from hepatocytes?

Answer 26

The bile canaliculus.

Question 27

What layers comprise the gallbladder wall?

Answer 27

(1) epithelium
(2) lamina propia
(3) muscularis propia