Anatomy: Paraalimentary Flashcards
What are the major salivary glands?
(1) parotid gland
(2) submandibular gland
(3) sublingual gland
What innervates the parotid gland?
CN IX.
What innervates the submandibular gland?
CN VII.
What innervates the sublingual gland?
CN VII.
J: This fetal structure gives rise to the round ligament of the liver after birth.
What is the umbilical vein (which carried oxygenated blood to the fetus)?
What are the 2 surfaces of the liver?
(1) diaphragmatic
(2) visceral
What comprises the porta hepatis?
(1) portal vein
(2) hepatic artery
(3) hepatic duct
What notable structure lies next to the quadrate lobe of the liver?
The gallbladder.
What notable structure lies next to the caudate lobe of the liver?
The inferior vena cava.
What are the anatomical divisions of the liver?
(1) Left (left lobe)
2) Right (right, caudate, quadrate lobes
What are the functional divisions of the liver?
(1) Left (left, quadrate, part of caudate lobes)
2) Right (right, part of caudate lobes
Which provides more blood to the liver: hepatic artery or portal vein?
Portal vein (75%).
What are the pancreatic-biliary sphincters?
(1) common bile duct sphincter of Boyden
(2) main pancreatic duct sphincter
(3) hepatopancreatic ampulla sphincter of Oddi
What are the pancreatic ducts?
(1) main pancreatic duct of Wirsung
(2) accessory pancreatic duct of Santorini
What regulates the biliary flow in and out of the gallbladder?
The spiral valve of Heister.
What bounds the triangle of Calot?
(1) cystic artery
(2) cystic duct
(3) common hepatic duct
What is the significance of Hartmann’s pouch (infundibulum of the gallbladder)?
It is a common site in which a gallstone can lodge.
Where is a gallstone most likely to lodge?
The hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater.
What part of the pancreas is secondarily retroperitoneal?
All but the tail, which is intraperitoneal.
What arteries supply the pancreas?
(1) splenic artery
(2) superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries (branching from the gastroduodenal artery off the common hepatic artery)
(3) inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries (branching from the superior mesenteric artery)
What structures are tucked within the curvature of the pancreas?
(1) superior mesenteric vein
(2) superior mesenteric artery
What structures join to form the hepatic portal vein?
(1) splenic vein
(2) superior mesenteric vein
Into what structure does the inferior mesenteric vein drain?
The splenic vein.
Into what structure does the left gastric vein drain?
The hepatic portal vein.
Where are the portacaval anastomoses?
(1) esophageal
(2) paraumbilical
(3) rectal
(4) retroperitoneal
What can result from dilation due to portal hypertension?
(1) esophageal varices
(2) caput medusa
(3) hemorrhoids
What supplies blood to the appendix?
A branch of the ileocolic artery.
What is the most common position of the appendix?
Retrocecal (64%).
