Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Integration finals > Histology of urinary > Flashcards

Histology of urinary Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of urinary system

A

Removal of metabolic waste by-products

Regulation of body fluid composition & volume

Endocrine function (renin, erythropoietin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

COvering of kidney

A

renal capsule, perirenal fat, renal (GErota’s) fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Renal capsule

A

thin fibrous CT layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Perirenal fat

A

thick layer of adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Renal (Gerota’s) fascia

A

dense fibrous CT layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Kidney has

A

cortex, medulla, corticol column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cortex

A

cortical arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

medulla

A
  1. renal pyramids, 2. corical columns
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

renal pyramids

A
  • Base
  • Apex (~ renal papilla)
  • Pointing towards hilum
    Openings at area cribrosa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

cortical column

A

extension of cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

RENAL PELVIS

A

= Funnel-shaped expansion of proximal ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Excretory passage of urine

A

Openings at renal papilla → minor calyces → major calyces → renal pelvis → ureter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mucosa lined by

A

transitional epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ducts of Bellini

A

largest collecting ducts opens at area cribrosa in renal papilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Nephron

A
  1. Renal or Malphigian corpuscle

2. Renal tubules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Renal or Malphigian corpuscle

A

Bowman’s capsule, glomerulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Renal tubules

A

proximal tubule, loop of henle, distal tubule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

2 types of nephrons

A

cortial nephron, juztamedullary nephron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

cortical nephron (85%)

A

Shorter
Renal corpuscle in superficial cortex & mid-cortical
Tubular part extends into outer medulla
Have peritubular capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

juxtamedullary nephron (15%)

A

Longer
Renal corpuscle near cortico-medullary junction
Tubular part extends into inner medulla
Have vasa recta capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Renal or malphigian corpuscle

A

Oval to round structure in renal cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Renal or malphigian corpuscle composed of

A

glomerulus and bowman’s capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

GLOMERULUS (network of fenestrated capillaries)

A 
Afferent arteriole (incoming)
Efferent arteriole (outgoing)
Wall lined by endothelium
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

BOWMAN’S CAPSULE

= dilated (pouch-like) part of nephron

A

INNER VISCERAL LAYER - Podocytes
OUTER PARIETAL LAYER
- Simple squamous epithelial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Vascular pole
Blood vessels enter & exit Bowman’s capsule
26
Urinary pole
Connects Bowman’s capsule to proximal tubule
27
PODOCYTE
Modified epithelial cells lining visceral layer of bowman’s capsule
28
Filtration slits or slit pores
- in between pedicels | - covered by thin slit diaphragm / slit membrane
29
GLOMERULAR FILTRATION BARRIER component
Components: 1. Fenestrae of glomerular endothelial wall 2. Glomerular basal lamina 3. Slit diaphragm of filtration slits
30
MESANGIAL CELLS
= Specialised connective tissue cells
31
Mesangial cells groups
a.k.a Lacis cells, intraglomerular
32
Extraglomerular
At vascular pole, As a component of juxtaglomerular apparatus
33
intraglomerular
Within renal corpuscle, Support capillary loops of glomerulus
34
renal tubule
pt, dct, loh
35
pt
pctt, descending thick limb
36
dt
ascending thick limb , dct, macula densa
37
proximal tubule = renal cortex
Lined by simple cuboidal epithelium More eosinophilic cytoplasm Long microvilli (brush border)
38
proximal tubule fx
Resorption of water, sodium, chloride, amino acids & glucose Eliminates waste, drugs & toxins
39
;loh where
Renal cortex & medulla
40
loh structure
Lined by simple squamous epithelium | No microvilli
41
loh fx
Resorption of mainly water | descending limb > ascending limb
42
distal tubule = renal cortex structure
Lined by simple cuboidal epithelium Less eosinophilic cytoplasm Only few short microvilli
43
distal tubule fx
[*in response to aldosterone] Resorption of sodium & chloride Secretion of hydrogen & potassium
44
collecting tubules and duct got 3 parts
3 parts: Cortical Medullary Papillary
45
collecting tubules and duct what
Each tubule drains several DCT Short connecting tubule → collecting tubule (CT) → collecting ducts (CD) → opens at area cribrosa of renal papilla → minor calyx
46
collecting tubules and duct structure
Lined by simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium pale- stained cytoplasm well defined cellular outlines - no microvilli
47
collecting tubules and duct fx
Resorption of water | [*ONLY in presence of Anti diuretic hormone (ADH) ]
48
cortical labyrinth
Renal corpuscles Convoluted part of renal tubules - PCT - DCT
49
medullary rays
Straight part of renal tubules - Pars recta of PT & DT - Thin limbs of LOH Collecting tubules
50
JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS component
Macula densa cells of DCT Juxtaglomerular cells of afferent arteriole Extraglomerular mesangial cells
51
JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS fx
Regulate blood pressure | & filtration rate of glomerulus
52
JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS where
near vascular pole
53
JUXTAGLOMERULAR APPARATUS formed by
dct and glomerular afferent arteriole
54
MACULA DENSA CELLS
= modified epithelial cells of DCT
55
MACULA DENSA CELLS structure
Tall, narrow, pale cells with prominent central nuclei
56
macula densa acting as
chemooreceptors, Sensitive to sodium ions concentration in DCT [Low sodium concentration → renin production]
57
URETERS (ureters)
folded mucosa, smooth muscle layer, 3 layers in lower 1/3, adventitia, stellate shaped lumen
58
Folded mucosa | ureters
- Transitional epithelium & lamina propria
59
Smooth muscle layer: | ureters
- 2 layers in upper 2/3 Inner longitudinal Outer circular - 3 layers in lower 1/3 Inner longitudinal Middle circular Outer longitudinal
60
Adventitia (ureters)
- Loose CT containing | blood vessels, lymphatic vessels & nerves
61
URINARY BLADDER got
mucosa, smooth muscle, adventitia/serosa , transitional epithelium and lamina propria
62
mucosa urinary bladder
- Folded except at trigone
63
- Transitional epithelium & lamina propria | ub
Mucus gland in lamina propria near urethral orifice
64
``` Smooth muscle (~ detrusor muscle) (ub) ```
- 3 layers: Inner longitudinal Middle circular Outer longitudinal. Middle layer forms internal sphincter at internal orifice of urethra
65
Adventitia/ serosa (UB)
- Dense irregular collagenous CT | with elastic fibers
66
MALE URETHRA
mucosa , lamina propria, smooth muscle
67
mucosa (male urethra)
- Transitional epithelium for prostatic urethra Pseudostratified/ stratified columnar epithelium for membranous & spongy urethra Stratified squamous nonkeratinised epithelium for glans penis area
68
Lamina propria (male uretha)
Loose fibroelastic CT with glands of Littre
69
Smooth muscle (male urethra)
Inner longitudinal & outer circular
70
External urethral sphincter
in urogenital diaphragm | - skeletal muscle (voluntary control)
71
Female urethra
elongated mucosal folds, Inner longitudinal & outer circular smooth muscle ,
72
Female urethra lined by
``` Transitional epithelium (near bladder) Stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium (near external orifice) ```
73
female urethra has lamina propria
Loose fibroelastic CT with glands of Littre

Integration finals (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions