Histology Of CAR

Question 1

In the respiratory tract, what is the air conducting portion made of

Answer 1

Epithelial lining +surrounding support tissues(cartilage, smooth muscle,elastic fibres)

Question 2

In the respiratory tract, what is the respiratory portion made from

Answer 2

Simple squamous epithelia +scant (!) loose connectivetissue

Question 3

What structures make up the upper respiratory tract

Answer 3

Nasal cavities
Nasopharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles

Question 4

What structure make up the lower respiratory tract

Answer 4

Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar sacs
Alveoli

Question 5

What epithelium are in the cutaneous region (nasal vestibule)

Answer 5

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 6

What is the respiratory region epithelium

Answer 6

Ciliated, pseudostratified columnar epithelium(Respiratory epithelium)

Question 7

What epithelium, does the olfactory nerve region have

Answer 7

Olfactory epithelium

Question 8

What is the function of the nasopharynx

Answer 8

Connects the nasal cavities to the larynx

Question 9

What epithelium does the nasopharynx have

Answer 9

Mostly respiratory epithelium

Question 10

What is the function of the larynx

Answer 10

The passageway between oropharynx and trachea
The organ to produce sounds

Question 11

What epithelium does the larynx have

Answer 11

Respiratory epithelium

Question 12

What epithelium does the alveoli contain

Answer 12

Simple squamous

Question 13

What epithelium do the bronchioles contain

Answer 13

Simple cuboidar

Question 14

What are the two types of alveoli epithelium

Answer 14

Type 1- very thin squamous cell (95%)
Type 2- cuboidal cell, secretes surfactant

Question 15

What are the 4 layers of the trachea

Answer 15

Mucosa
Submucosa
Cartilaginous layer
Adventitia

Question 16

What is the walls of the bronchus like

Answer 16

Same as trachea with extra smooth muscle between mucuosa and submucosa

Question 17

What are the three layers of the heart wall

Answer 17

Endocardium
Myocardium
Epicardium
Pericardium

Question 18

What does the endocardium do

Answer 18

Lines the ventricles/atria and covers the cardiac valves

Question 19

What does the myocardium level of the heart do

Answer 19

Cardiac muscle cells (myocytes), embedded in a well-vascularized connective tissue framework

Question 20

What does the epicardium do

Answer 20

Layer of mesothelium resting on elastic fibre-rich connective tissue, which is often rich in adipocytes

Question 21

What does the pericardium do

Answer 21

Fibroelastic sac that surrounds the heart;

Question 22

Do cardiac muscle have nuclei

Answer 22

Yes
Usually only 1

Question 23

What are the muscle fibres in cardiac muscle like

Answer 23

Small
Branching

Question 24

What is microvasculature and some examples

Answer 24

Vascular structures not visible with the naked eye
Arterioles (small arteries), metarterioles, capillaries, venules (small veins), and arteriovenous anastomoses

Question 25

What are macrovasculature structures and some examples

Answer 25

Visible with naked eye
Elastic (large) and muscular (medium) arteries and veins (large and medium)

Question 26

What are the size of neutrophils

Answer 26

12-15um

Question 27

What is a band neutrophil like

Answer 27

A young neutrophil
Lacks the segmentation of the nucleus

Question 28

What is the structure of basophils and eosinophils like

Answer 28

Both are 12-20um
Lobulated nucleus

Question 29

What colour are the granules in basophils

Answer 29

Blue

Question 30

What colour are eosinophils granules

Answer 30

Orange- red

Question 31

What are monocytes like

Answer 31

15-20 um
Irregular shaped nucleus
Blue- grey cytoplasm

Question 32

What are lymphocytes like

Answer 32

9-12 um in diameter
Nucleus, not much cytoplasm

Question 33

What binds to eosin

Answer 33

Basic tissues

Question 34

What binds to azure

Answer 34

Acidic tissue