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Foundations - Year 1 > Histology of blood and blood vessels > Flashcards

Histology of blood and blood vessels Flashcards

1
Q

what separates the tunica intima and tunica media?

A

internal elastic membrane

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2
Q

what separates the tunica media and tunica adventitia?

A

external elastic membrane

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3
Q

what are the largest arteries (aorta) termed elastic arteries?

A

many sheets of elastic fibres in tunica media to provide elastic recoil for blood under high pressure

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4
Q

what is the role of the vasa vasorum?

A

delivers nutrients and O2 to arterial and venous walls to remove waste products

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5
Q

what are the 3 types of capillaries?

A

continuous (no pores)
fenestrated (small pores)
discontinuous (large pores)

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6
Q

what are postcapillary venules formed of?

A

endothelium and thin layer of CT

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7
Q

what are venules formed of?

A

intermittent SM in tunica media

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8
Q

what is the largest vein in the body?

A

vena cava

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9
Q

what is the role of the lymphatic vascular system?

A

transports lymph to lymph nodes for immunological surveillance

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10
Q

what does hydrostatic pressure do to plasma?

A

pushes plasma components into cell

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11
Q

what does osmotic pressure do to plasma?

A

respiring cells produce CO2 - water is produced - low water conc. in venous side - water shifts out of capillaries

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12
Q

what are the characteristics of erythrocytes (RBCs)?

A
  • biconcave
  • no nucleus or organelles
  • network of flexible cytoskeletal elements
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13
Q

what is the role of platelets?

A

hemostasis (prevention of blood loss) through clotting

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14
Q

what are the characteristics of leukocytes (WBCs)?

A

big nucleus

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15
Q

what are the 3 granulocytes?

A

basophils
eosinophils
neutrophils

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16
Q

how to identify a neutrophil?

A

single, multi-lobed nucleus

17
Q

what do neutrophils become when activated?

A

phagocytes

18
Q

how to identify eosinophils?

A

stain pink (acidic granules)
bi-lobed nucleus

19
Q

what are eosinophils produced in response to?

A

inflammation - granules contain hydrolytic enzymes

20
Q

how to identify basophils?

A

bi-lobed and s-shaped nucleus
granules stain purple/blue - alkaline (basic) granules

21
Q

what are basophils effectors in?

A

allergic reactions

22
Q

what are the agranulocytes?

A

monocytes
lymphocytes

23
Q

how to identify monocytes?

A

large, kidney bean shaped nucleus

24
Q

what are monocytes precursors of?

A

tissue macrophages (phagocytes)

25
Q

how to identify lymphocytes?

A

small spherical shaped nucelus - basophillic (blue) cytoplasm

26
Q

what are the two types of lymphocytes?

A

B cells and T cells

27
Q

what do B cells give rise to?

A

antibody secreting plasma cells

28
Q

where do T cells differentiate in?

A

thymus - many defensive functions

Foundations - Year 1 (7 decks)

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