Anatomy definitions

Question 1

what does supine mean?

Answer 1

patient lay flat on back

Question 2

what does prone mean?

Answer 2

patient lay on stomach

Question 3

what is the sagittal plane?

Answer 3

divides body into right and left

Question 4

what is coronal plane?

Answer 4

divides body into anterior and posterior (front and back)

Question 5

what is transverse/axial plane?

Answer 5

divides body into superior and posterior (upper and lower)

Question 6

what is the plane called if it’s axial but its a diagonal plane?

Answer 6

oblique

Question 7

what is anterior?

Answer 7

nearer front

Question 8

what is posterior?

Answer 8

nearer back

Question 9

what is medial?

Answer 9

nearer midline

Question 10

what is lateral?

Answer 10

further from midline

Question 11

what is superior/cranial?

Answer 11

nearer top of head

Question 12

what is inferior/caudal?

Answer 12

nearer soles of feet

Question 13

what is proximal?

Answer 13

nearer attachment of limb from body

Question 14

what is distal?

Answer 14

further from attachment of limb to the body (distance)

Question 15

what is superficial?

Answer 15

nearer surface of body

Question 16

what is deep?

Answer 16

further from surface of body

Question 17

what is external?

Answer 17

further from centre of body/organ

Question 18

what is internal?

Answer 18

nearer to body/organ

Question 19

what is major and minor?

Answer 19

larger and smaller structures with same name

Question 20

what is dorsal?

Answer 20

back portion of body (posterior)

Question 21

what is ventral?

Answer 21

front portion of body (anterior)

Question 22

what is unilateral?

Answer 22

on one side

Question 23

what is bilateral?

Answer 23

paired - right and left

Question 24

what is midline?

Answer 24

near or at midline

Question 25

what is ipsilateral?

Answer 25

same side of body of structure being compared to

Question 26

what is contralateral?

Answer 26

opposite side of structure being compared to

Question 27

what is flexion?

Answer 27

decreasing angle between bones at joint

Question 28

what is extension?

Answer 28

increasing angle between bones at joint

Question 29

what is abduction?

Answer 29

movement away from median plane

Question 30

what is adduction?

Answer 30

movement towards median plane

Question 31

what is circumduction?

Answer 31

circular movement at joint

Question 32

what is internal (medial) rotation?

Answer 32

anterior surface of limb rotates towards medial plane

Question 33

what is external (lateral) rotation?

Answer 33

anterior surface of limb rotates away from medial plane

Question 33

what are the movements for the ankle?

Answer 33

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

Question 33

what are the movements for the foot?

Answer 33

eversion and inversion

Question 33

what is dorsiflexion?

Answer 33

dorsal surface of foot moves superiorly

Question 33

what is plantar flexion?

Answer 33

plantar surface of foot moves inferiorly

Question 33

what is eversion?

Answer 33

sole of foot rotates away from median plane - sole faces laterally

Question 34

what is inversion?

Answer 34

sole of foot rotates toward median plane - sole faces medially

Question 35

what are the movements for the forearm?

Answer 35

pronation, supination and semi-prone

Question 36

what is pronation?

Answer 36

anterior surface of forearm rotates so palm faces posteriorly (internal rotation)

Question 37

what is supination?

Answer 37

forearm rotates from pronated position back to anatomical position (external rotation)

Question 38

what is semi-prone?

Answer 38

position of hand and forearm halfway between the supine and prone positions

Question 39

what is lateral flexion?

Answer 39

movement of spine - left or right

Question 40

what is rotation?

Answer 40

twist of trunk and neck

Question 41

what is elevation?

Answer 41

raised shoulders (superior movements)

Question 42

what is depression?

Answer 42

dropped shoulders (inferior movement)

Question 43

what is protraction?

Answer 43

push shoulders or jaw forward (anterior)

Question 44

what is retraction?

Answer 44

pull shoulders or jaw backwards (posterior)