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Foundations - Year 1 > Anatomy definitions > Flashcards

Anatomy definitions Flashcards

1
Q

what does supine mean?

A

patient lay flat on back

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2
Q

what does prone mean?

A

patient lay on stomach

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3
Q

what is the sagittal plane?

A

divides body into right and left

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4
Q

what is coronal plane?

A

divides body into anterior and posterior (front and back)

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5
Q

what is transverse/axial plane?

A

divides body into superior and posterior (upper and lower)

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6
Q

what is the plane called if it’s axial but its a diagonal plane?

A

oblique

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7
Q

what is anterior?

A

nearer front

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8
Q

what is posterior?

A

nearer back

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9
Q

what is medial?

A

nearer midline

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10
Q

what is lateral?

A

further from midline

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11
Q

what is superior/cranial?

A

nearer top of head

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12
Q

what is inferior/caudal?

A

nearer soles of feet

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13
Q

what is proximal?

A

nearer attachment of limb from body

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14
Q

what is distal?

A

further from attachment of limb to the body (distance)

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15
Q

what is superficial?

A

nearer surface of body

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16
Q

what is deep?

A

further from surface of body

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17
Q

what is external?

A

further from centre of body/organ

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18
Q

what is internal?

A

nearer to body/organ

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19
Q

what is major and minor?

A

larger and smaller structures with same name

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20
Q

what is dorsal?

A

back portion of body (posterior)

21
Q

what is ventral?

A

front portion of body (anterior)

22
Q

what is unilateral?

A

on one side

23
Q

what is bilateral?

A

paired - right and left

24
Q

what is midline?

A

near or at midline

25
Q

what is ipsilateral?

A

same side of body of structure being compared to

26
Q

what is contralateral?

A

opposite side of structure being compared to

27
Q

what is flexion?

A

decreasing angle between bones at joint

28
Q

what is extension?

A

increasing angle between bones at joint

29
Q

what is abduction?

A

movement away from median plane

30
Q

what is adduction?

A

movement towards median plane

31
Q

what is circumduction?

A

circular movement at joint

32
Q

what is internal (medial) rotation?

A

anterior surface of limb rotates towards medial plane

33
Q

what is external (lateral) rotation?

A

anterior surface of limb rotates away from medial plane

33
Q

what are the movements for the ankle?

A

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

33
Q

what are the movements for the foot?

A

eversion and inversion

33
Q

what is dorsiflexion?

A

dorsal surface of foot moves superiorly

33
Q

what is plantar flexion?

A

plantar surface of foot moves inferiorly

33
Q

what is eversion?

A

sole of foot rotates away from median plane - sole faces laterally

34
Q

what is inversion?

A

sole of foot rotates toward median plane - sole faces medially

35
Q

what are the movements for the forearm?

A

pronation, supination and semi-prone

36
Q

what is pronation?

A

anterior surface of forearm rotates so palm faces posteriorly (internal rotation)

37
Q

what is supination?

A

forearm rotates from pronated position back to anatomical position (external rotation)

38
Q

what is semi-prone?

A

position of hand and forearm halfway between the supine and prone positions

39
Q

what is lateral flexion?

A

movement of spine - left or right

40
Q

what is rotation?

A

twist of trunk and neck

41
Q

what is elevation?

A

raised shoulders (superior movements)

42
Q

what is depression?

A

dropped shoulders (inferior movement)

43
Q

what is protraction?

A

push shoulders or jaw forward (anterior)

44
Q

what is retraction?

A

pull shoulders or jaw backwards (posterior)

Foundations - Year 1 (7 decks)

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