Cell cycle

Question 1

What are the stages of interphase?

Answer 1

G1
S
G2

Question 2

What occurs in G1 phase?

Answer 2

Cell growth

Question 3

What occurs in S phase?

Answer 3

DNA replication

Question 4

What occurs in G2 phase?

Answer 4

cells duplicate organelles

Question 5

What are the checkpoints of the cell cycle?

Answer 5

G1 checkpoint before S phase
G2 checkpoint before M phase

Question 6

What happens to a cell if DNA damage is recognised?

Answer 6

apoptosis or enters G0 phase - arrests

Question 7

What is the point of the checkpoints?

Answer 7

check for DNA damage

Question 8

What does mitotic phase involve?

Answer 8

mitosis and cytokinesis

Question 9

What are the phases of mitosis?

Answer 9

prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase

Question 10

What happens at prophase?

Answer 10

nuclear membrane disappears, chromosomes condense and become visible

Question 11

What happens at metaphase?

Answer 11

chromosomes align at metaphase plate and attach to spindle fibres at kinetochore

Question 12

What happens at anaphase?

Answer 12

spindle fibres contract, pull sister chromatids apart to opposite poles of cell

Question 13

What happens at telophase?

Answer 13

nuclear membrane reforms around new chromosomes, cytoplasm divides

Question 14

What happens in cytokinesis?

Answer 14

cleavage furrow develops around equator region, cells separate - 2 daughter cells formed

Question 15

What is non-disjunction?

Answer 15

when chromosomes fail to migrate properly in anaphase, one cell receives more chromosomes, one deficient

Question 16

What is isochromosome?

Answer 16

chromosomes unequal lengths due to centromere splitting transversely