Histology and Embryology

Question 1

What are Cells?

Answer 1

Smallest structures and functionally self contained

Question 2

Cells with different functional specialization have different…

Answer 2

Size, shape and surface

Question 3

Cell’s capacities

Answer 3

Excitability, Synthesis, Membrane transport and Reproduction

Question 4

What’s excitability, and an example

Answer 4

Cell capacity to respond to stimulus, adapting to the change. Like nervous cell conducting impulses

Question 5

What’s Synthesis

Answer 5

Cells capacity to form substances to aid in body’s function

Question 6

What’s Membrane Transport

Answer 6

The ability to move fluids, chemical elements and compounds in and out of cells.

Question 7

What’s the reproduction capacity in cells

Answer 7

Ability to preserve the species by giving birth to offspring

Question 8

Types of junctions that can be found between cells

Answer 8

Desmosomes, Tight Junctions, Gap junctions and Hemidesmosomes

Question 9

Desmosomes, an example

Answer 9

Attachment found between ameloblasts and cells in the stratified squamous epithelium that line the oral cavity.

Question 10

Tight junctions and an example

Answer 10

Cells attach to each other by the junction of their cell membranes. Junction that can be found adjacent to odontoblast to prevent pulp substances to pass into dentin

Question 11

Gap Junctions, and an example

Answer 11

Formed by a channel that runs between cells for electrical impulses and passage of molecules. Junctions present among some the odontoblasts

Question 12

Cell’s Content

Answer 12

Cell membrane, organelles, inclusions and Nucleus

Question 13

Cell membrane and it function

Answer 13

The plasma membrane is semi-permeble is a thin membrane that surrounds the cell and permit entrance or exit of substances using active, passive transport or facilitated diffusion

Question 14

Cytoplasm

Answer 14

Homogeneous gel enclosed in the cell by the cell membrane where are enclosed all the organelles and inclusions. All metabolic activities occur in the cytoplasm

Question 15

Nucleus’ Functions

Answer 15

Controls the synthesizing activities and store genetic information of the cell

Question 16

3 types of RNA

Answer 16

Messenger, Transporter and Ribosomal

Question 17

Inclusions

Answer 17

Metabolic byproducts found in cytoplasm

Question 18

Lysosome’s function

Answer 18

Organelle responsible for the breakdown of foreign substances the are phagocytized by the cell.

Question 19

Golgi complex

Answer 19

Organelle responsible for secreting proteins to the external environment, site of membrane formation and recycling, storage of proteins, also involved in the production of lysosomes and large carbohydrate molecules

Question 20

Mitochondria

Answer 20

Powerhouse of the cell, provides energy by enzymatic breakdown of fats, amino acids and carbohydrates (ATP)

Question 21

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 21

rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (has ribosomes attached) is responsible for protein synthesis, smooth-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (no ribosomes attached) is site of steroid synthesis.

Question 22

Centrioles

Answer 22

Organelle that helps the cell replication process

Question 23

Types of transport through the cell membrane

Answer 23

Diffusion, Osmosis, Active transport, Phagocytosis and Pinocytosis

Question 24

Diffusion

Answer 24

Movement of molecules across a membrane, the substance go from a regions of high concentration to a region with low concentration

Question 25

Osmosis

Answer 25

Movement of water through the semi-permeble membrane, the water go in the directions of the region with high concentration

Question 26

Isotonic Solution

Answer 26

Solution that placed outside the cell would not cause osmosis

Question 27

Hypertonic Solution

Answer 27

Solution that when placed outside the cell would cause osmosis out of the cell

Question 28

Hypotonic Solution

Answer 28

Solution that when placed outside of the cell would cause osmosis into the cell

Question 29

Active transport and an example

Answer 29

Used to transport substances against its concentration gradient, uses ATP. Sodium pump, importante of the nerve impulses transmission

Question 30

Phagocytosis

Answer 30

Cell wall invaginates around the particle

Question 31

Pinocytosis

Answer 31

Cell wall invaginates around a fluid

Question 32

Mitosis

Answer 32

Process of cell replication of a cell

Question 33

Where does the dental tissues are produced

Answer 33

In secretory cells that require a high amount of energy

Question 34

Which organelle is associated with calcification process that occurs in dental tissues?

Answer 34

Mitochondria

Question 35

Tissue components

Answer 35

Cells, intercellular substance and tissue fluid

Question 36

Intercelular substance

Answer 36

Medium for the passage of nutrients and waste within the tissues

Question 37

Tissue Fluid

Answer 37

Blood plasma that diffuses through capillary wall

Question 38

4 Types of tissues in the human body

Answer 38

Epithelial tissue, Connective tissue, Nerve tissue and muscle tissue