Head and neck Anatomy

Question 1

In body nomenclature, what does “anterior” refers to?

Answer 1

Structures that are towards the front of the body

Question 2

In body nomenclature, what does “posterior” refers to?

Answer 2

Structures that are towards the back of the body

Question 3

In body nomenclature, what does “median” refers to?

Answer 3

Structures located in the middle of the body or towards it

Question 4

In body nomenclature, what does “lateral” refers to?

Answer 4

Structures away from the mid line of the body / in the outer side of it

Question 5

What does it mean when you have structures “contralateral” to each other?

Answer 5

It means that both are in opposite sides of the body

Question 6

Superficial, in body nomenclature

Answer 6

Structure located towards the surface

Question 7

Deep, in body nomenclature

Answer 7

Structure located away from the body’s surface

Question 8

Proximal, in body nomenclature

Answer 8

Structure, in a limb, closer to the body trunk

Question 9

Distal, in body nomenclature

Answer 9

Structure, in a limb, farther from the body trunk

Question 10

Superior or Cranial, in Body Nomenclature

Answer 10

Structures that are towards the head

Question 11

Inferior or caudal, in body nomenclature

Answer 11

Structures away from the head

Question 12

Apex, in body nomenclature

Answer 12

Tip of a conical structure

Question 13

What’s Osteology?

Answer 13

Study of Bones

Question 14

How bones can be classified?

Answer 14

In basis of shape, pattern of development, region or by its structure

Question 15

Function of bones

Answer 15

Support, protection, enables movement, reservoir for mineral storage and it’s involved in blood cell formation

Question 16

The 3 types of bone cells

Answer 16

Osteoclasts, Osteoblasts and Osteocytes

Question 17

Intramembranous Ossification

Answer 17

Ossification process that create bone with no cartilage, they start as a membrane of collagen and blood vessels. An example is the flat bones of the skull

Question 18

Endochondral ossification, give 1 example

Answer 18

Ossification where cartilage is present and it’s gradually replaced by bone. An example is the long bones

Question 19

Cartilage

Answer 19

Non-calcified, avascular, flexible connective tissue.

Question 20

The 3 types of cartilage

Answer 20

Hyaline, Elastic and Fibrocartilage

Question 21

Hyaline cartilage’s description

Answer 21

Precursor to bone, facilitates movement at joints

Question 22

Fibrocartilage’s description

Answer 22

Strongest type, contains collagen fibers in the matrix, provides rigidity. An example it’s the paravertebral discs

Question 23

Elastic cartilage’s description

Answer 23

Contains elastic fibers in the matrix, provides support and gives shape. An example is the external ear

Question 24

Condyle?

Answer 24

Rounded articular process

Question 25

Tuberosity?

Answer 25

Large rounded process on the surface of the bone

Question 26

Tubercle or Eminence?

Answer 26

small rounded process on the surface of the bone

Question 27

Arch?

Answer 27

Bridge-like bone structure

Question 28

Cornu?

Answer 28

Horn-like proeminence

Question 29

Crest?

Answer 29

Prominent Ridge on a bone

Question 30

Spine?

Answer 30

Sharp projection, higher than a Crest

Question 31

Notch?

Answer 31

Indentation on the edge of a bone

Question 32

What is a Sulcus and what it usually accommodates?

Answer 32

Channel-like depression in bone, usually accommodate blood vessel, nerve or tendon

Question 33

Fossa?

Answer 33

Deeper depression base-like, can be a rest area for articulating bone or muscle attachment

Question 34

Sinus?

Answer 34

Cavity within a bone

Question 35

Foramen?

Answer 35

round opening in the bone

Question 36

Canal?

Answer 36

Longer tube-like opening in the bone

Question 37

Meatus?

Answer 37

Type of canal within the bone

Question 38

Fissure?

Answer 38

Narrow opening between adjacents parts of bones for blood vessels and nerves

Question 39

What is a Joint and it's classified by what

Answer 39

Articulation, classified by the amount of movement that it allows

Question 40

Sutures?

Answer 40

Fibrous joints, immovable