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Renal > Histology > Flashcards

Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the kidneys and urinary tract?

A
  • maintains water and electrolyte homeostasis
  • excrete toxin metabolic waste products
  • acts as an endocrine gland
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2
Q

The outer capsule of the kidney is what?

A
  • fibrous

- inner - cellular

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3
Q

The __cortex/medulla___ is most internal of the kidney?

A
  • medulla
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4
Q

What is the basic functional unit of the kidney?

A
  • the nephron
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5
Q

What is the nephron composed of?

A
  • renal corpuscle

- renal tubules

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6
Q

What is the renal corpuscle composed of?

A
  • glomerulus

- bowman’s capsule

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7
Q

What is the function of the renal corpuscle?

A
  • production and collection of glomerular filtrate
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8
Q

What is bowman’s capsule composed of?

A
  • simple squamous epithelium

- podocytes

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9
Q

Function of the proximal convoluted tubule?

A
  • reabsorption of water, proteins, amino acids and carbohydrates and glucose
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10
Q

Sodium is reabsorbed in the proximal convoluted tubules by what?

A
  • active transport
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11
Q

The ___proximal/distal___ convoluted tubule has a noticeable brush border at the apical end?

A
  • proximal
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12
Q

The ___proximal/distal___ convoluted tubule cells are smaller?

A
  • distal
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13
Q

The loop of henle is in which area of the kidney?

A
  • medulla
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14
Q

The loop of henle is responsible for making a ____ environment?

A
  • hyperosmotic
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15
Q

Thick limbs of the loop of henle are lined by?

A
  • simple cuboidal cells
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16
Q

Thin limbs of the loop of henle are lined by?

A
  • simple squamous cells
17
Q

What is the blood supply to the loop of henle and why is it unique?

A
  • vasa recta

- able to continue to supply in an hyperosmolar environment

18
Q

What is the function of the distal convoluted tubule?

A
  • acid and base / water balance
19
Q

At the distal convoluted tubule ____ are excreted?

A
  • H+

- K+

20
Q

Reabsorption of Na+ is controlled by what?

A
  • aldosterone
21
Q

What is the function of the collecting ducts?

A
  • reabsorption of water under the control of ADH
22
Q

High ADH affect on urine?

A
  • more concentrated urine
23
Q

What forms the medullary rays/

A
  • straight segments of proximal and distal tubules and collecting ducts
24
Q

What cell lines the conducting parts of the urine system?

A
  • transitional epithelium
25
Q

What cell lines the bladder?

A
  • transitional epithelium
26
Q

What lines the distal external component of the urethra?

A
  • stratified squamous epithelium

Renal (14 decks)

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