Anatomy Flashcards
What is the urinary tract composed of?
- kidneys
- ureter
- bladder
- urethra
What is the upper urinary tract composed of?
- kidneys
- ureter
What is the lower urinary tract composed of?
- blader
- urethra
Where are the kidneys located? and what body cavities does the urinary tract pass through?
- retroperitoneal
- abdomen
- pelvis
- perineum
Kidneys lie anterior to the _____ muscle and lateral to the _____ muscle
- anterior to quadratus lumborum muscle
- lateral to psoas major muscle
The right kidney lies at what vertebra level?
- L1-L3
- slightly inferior due to the liver
The left kidney lies at what vertebra level?
- T12- L2
What ribs are the kidneys related to?
- floating ribs 11 and 12
What is the name of the fat in close association with the renal capsule?
- perinephric fat
The__ perinephric/paranephric__ fat is most anterior?
- paranephric fat
What is the renal hilum composed of?
- renal vein (anterior)
- renal artery
- ureter
How do you ballot a kidney?
- palpate inferior to the 12th rib
- ask patient to take a deep breathe in
With inspiration the kidneys move in what direction?
- inferior
What is the name of the recess anterior to the right kidney where fluid can accumulate?
- hepatorenal recess
What is the arterial and venous supply to the kidneys?
- renal artery
- renal vein
What are some of the arterial branches that supply the ureter
- renal artery
- abdominal aorta
- common iliac
- internal iliac
- vesical artery
Vesical artery is also called?
- bladder artery
Lymph from the kidneys drains into?
- lumbar nodes
Lymph from the ureters drains where?
- lumbar nodes
- iliac nodes
What gives the medulla is striated appearance?
- the regular arrangement of nephrons
The minor calyx joins to form?
- major calyx
- drains into renal pelvis
Urine from the renal pelvis next drains where?
- ureter
What is the pelviureteral junction
- wider renal pelvis narrows into ureter
- anatomical site of constriction
What are the 3 sites of constriction in the renal system?
- pelviureteral junction
- ureter crossing anterior aspect of common iliac artery
- ureteric orifice
Where are renal stones most likely to get lodged?
- 3 constrictions
- pelviureteral junction
- ureter crossing anterior aspect of common iliac artery
- ureteric orifice
Renal stones are also called?
- renal calculi
What causes renal stone formation?
- urine calcium salts
Staghorn calculus may be seen as a result of what?
- large calculi
What is the ureter response to a compression either internal or external?
- contraction of smooth muscle
- peristalsis
- colicky pain
Obstruction within the calces or ureter causes back up pressure where?
- unilateral kidney
Obstruction within the bladder causes ___unilateral/bilateral___ back up pressure
- either dependant on site
Define hydronephrosis?
- water inside the kidney
- can cause back pressure
- enlargement and renal failure